Abstract
Calcium borate nanoparticles have been synthesized by a thermal treatment method via facile co-precipitation. Differences of annealing temperature and annealing time and their effects on crystal structure, particle size, size distribution and thermal stability of nanoparticles were investigated. The formation of calcium borate compound was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Thermogravimetry (TGA). The XRD patterns revealed that the co-precipitated samples annealed at 700 °C for 3 h annealing time formed an amorphous structure and the transformation into a crystalline structure only occurred after 5 h annealing time. It was found that the samples annealed at 900 °C are mostly metaborate (CaB2O4) nanoparticles and tetraborate (CaB4O7) nanoparticles only observed at 970 °C, which was confirmed by FTIR. The TEM images indicated that with increasing the annealing time and temperature, the average particle size increases. TGA analysis confirmed the thermal stability of the annealed samples at higher temperatures.
Highlights
In the last two decades, a burst of research activities has been devoted to nanomaterials
This paper reports the synthesis of ultrafine calcium borate (CaB4O7) nanoparticles using co-precipitation method followed by thermal treatment method
Transformation to crystalline phase started at 750 °C with appearance the dominate phase of CaB2O4 along with other phases, while, the transformation to CaB4O7 phase can be obtained at 970 °C
Summary
In the last two decades, a burst of research activities has been devoted to nanomaterials. Significant progress has been focused on development of new materials for radiation monitoring and for this alkali and alkaline rare earth tetraborates have been found as suitable candidates in this application due to their effective atomic number, which is very close to that of human tissue (Zeff = 7.42) and they can be used in medical application [13] The properties of these materials are greatly influenced by the characteristics of the component, such as chemical composition, purity, particle size, and morphology [14,15,16,17,18], which can be controlled during the synthesis process. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Thermogravimetry (TGA)
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