Abstract
The scavenging of heavy metals from water is of great significance for improving water quality. Biochar supported-iron nanoparticles (FeNPs@BC) are a type of efficient adsorbent for Pb(II). However, a simple and low-cost one-step synthesis of FeNPs@BC faces challenges. Here, a new type of FeNPs@BC was fabricated successfully by co-pyrolyzing corn stalk powder with a small amount of Fe3O4 to realize simultaneous biomass carbonization and iron ion reduction. Characterization results revealed Fe3O4 was gradually reduced to FeCO3, Fe3C, and Fe0 in the process of biomass carbonization. FeNPs@BC Pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models are adopted well to describe Pb(II) uptake processes, and the maximum scavenging capacity of FeNPs@BC for Pb(II) is up to 337.83 mg/g at 25 ℃. The FeNPs@BC enhanced the Pb(II) uptake via the following mechanisms: 1) reduction, 2) chemical precipitation, 3) surface complexation, 4) electrostatic attraction, and 5) pore filling.
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