Facebook Prophet Library prediction-based Energy Harvested MAC Protocol (FPEH-MAC)

Abstract

Data transfer within severe time constraints is crucial for wireless sensor networks used in mission-critical applications, such as industrial control and disaster monitoring. In such applications, exceeding time constraints and facing limitations in longevity can pose threats to human life. The primary option for powering wireless sensor networks is to utilize ambient energy sources like solar energy, thermal energy, etc., which are abundant in nature The lifetime and latency of these networks depend on a well-implemented duty cycle-based MAC protocol, and maximizing the duty cycle is achieved through efficient utilization of harvested and residual energy. Since harvested energy is inherently unpredictable, appropriate forecasting techniques are required. In this study, a prediction-based Energy Harvested MAC protocol (FPEH-MAC) based on the Facebook Prophet library is proposed to maximize the predicted duty cycle of the MAC protocol by forecasting harvested and residual energy. Additionally, this MAC protocol demonstrates an increase in residual energy and duty cycle, ensuring an extended lifecycle for the wireless sensor network. The suggested protocol was evaluated for latency, throughput, percentage increase in residual energy, and packet delivery ratio using OMNET, INET, Python, and MATLAB. The results of the analysis indicate that the proposed technique increases residual energy by 1.2%, enhances throughput by 33.33%, and reduces latency by 9.6% when compared to previous work.