Abstract
Face and voice as social stimuli enhance differential physiological responding in a Concealed Information Test
Highlights
THE CONCEALED INFORMATION TEST Concealing information from an interrogator is a specific social behavior commonly performed by a culprit in order to hide his or her involvement in a criminal act
We examined the influence of face and voice as social stimuli on the physiological responses in a Concealed Information Test (CIT)
Categories with false identification of the probe item were discarded from evaluation
Summary
THE CONCEALED INFORMATION TEST Concealing information from an interrogator is a specific social behavior commonly performed by a culprit in order to hide his or her involvement in a criminal act. If an envelope was stolen out of an office, a typical CIT question could be “An office requisite has been stolen Is this the stolen object?”; this question is combined with a sequence of five pictures representing the respective answer alternatives, e.g., a picture of (a) a pencil sharpener, (b) an envelope, (c) a highlighter, (d) a stapler, and (e) a Scotch®Tape. In this example, the picture of the envelope (b) is the “probe” item; the other items are referred to as “irrelevant.” It is assumed that only subjects possessing crime-related knowledge (“guilty” subjects) will recognize the correct item and show a different physiological response to it. Numerous laboratory studies have shown that the CIT is a highly valid test for differentiating between guilty and innocent subjects (for a review see Ben-Shakhar and Elaad, 2003)
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