Fabrication of phenylhydrazine sensor with V2O5 doped ZnO nanocomposites

Abstract

Herein, the V2O5 doped ZnO nanocomposites (NCs) were prepared by applying the wet-chemically (co-precipitation) technique in alkaline phase. The synthesized NCs were characterized in details by applying FESEM, XPS, EDS, TEM and XRD analysis. The doped V2O5 doped ZnO NCs were used to deposit in the form of thin layer on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by nafion binding agent (5% in ethanol) to result the desire electrochemical sensor selective to phenylhydrazine (PHyd). Plotting current versus concentration, a linear relation was established known as the calibration curve of PHyd sensor. Applying the regression-coefficient (R2 = 0.9936) on the calibration curve, the detection range of PHyd categorized by linear dynamic range (0.01 mM–0.1 nM) is evaluated. The sensor sensitivity (12.389 μAμM−1cm−2) using the calibration curve slope and GCE (0.0316 cm2) cross-sectional area is recognized. Finally, the lower limit for the detection (96.31 ± 4.82 pM) is calculated from signal-to-noise ratio at 3. From the detail investigation, the sensor was found as proficient in the term of reproducibility, long-term performing ability and response time. Furthermore, the collected samples from the various sources of environment and extracted were assessed for the practical validity of the sensor and found as satisfactory.