Abstract
Abstract Titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) were prepared by electroless deposition using ion track etched polycarbonate templates. The ion tracks were prepared to the desired diameter of the TNTs outer diameter. Titanium dioxide nanotubes with a diameter of minimum 80 nm having a wall thickness of minimum 10 nm can be fabricated using this method. To achieve nanotubes with thin walls and small surface roughness the tubes were generated by a several steps procedure under aqueous conditions at nearly room temperature. The presented approach will process open end nanotubes with well defined outer diameter and wall thickness. Using this method TNT arrays up to 109 tubes per cm2 having a tube length up to 30 μm can be produced, single tubes are also possible. The structural properties of the grown TNTs were investigated by using various analytical techniques, i.e. scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray fluoresence spectrometer (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and Photoluminescence.
Highlights
Semiconductive nanostructures have reached strong significance in science and engineering
In case of semiconductive nanomaterials anatase titanium dioxide seems to be very interesting as a result of its pivotal role in photochemical solar cells with high conversion efficiency, caused of its large band gap from 3.2 eV corresponding to 387 nm
We describe an effective synthesis of anatase titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNT) with a diameter of approx. 100 nm and a wall thickness of approx. 10 nm
Summary
The template consists of polycarbonate foils with a thickness of 6 to 30 μm. We used off the shelf polycarbonate membrane filters, exposed in a very controlled way to charged particles in a nuclear reactor, sold by Whatman/GETM and comparable companies. In order to remove an undesired surface treatment of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) of the commercial membrane filters, we used an additional etching process. The off the shelf polycarbonate foils were chemically etched at 50°C using a 6 N NaOH solution containing 1% surfactant [12]. The resulting pore diameter is increasing linearly with etching time; the pores are of cylindrical shape. In this report we created templates with a pore diameter of approx. In this report we created templates with a pore diameter of approx. 100 nm
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