Fabrication, characterization, and application of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8/acrylate monolithic polymer as a composite phase for stir bar sorptive extraction

Abstract

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8/polyacrylate monolithic (ZIF-8/PA) polymers have been prepared and optimized as a multifunctional material and used for application in stir bar sorptive extraction technique. The coating of ZIF-8/PA stir bar was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, and SEM techniques in terms of chemical structure, surface morphology, and composition homogeneity. Also, the extraction performance of prepared stir bars was obtained through the extraction of carvedilol and haloperidol from aqueous solutions. The intra- and inter-batch reproducibilities of stir bar fabrication were obtained 6.6 and 7.0%, respectively and the enrichment factors were in the range of 94–134. The optimum extraction and desorption conditions were achieved at sample pH value of 10, 90 min extraction time, 10 min desorption time, 40 °C desorption temperature and methanol as the desorption solvent for both analytes. At the optimum conditions the linear ranges were 3.8–500 µg L−1 for carvedilol and 10.7–500 µg L−1 for haloperidol with determination coefficients of over than 0.9935. The limits of detection of the method were 1.2 and 3.2 μg L−1 for carvedilol and haloperidol, respectively. The intra- and inter-day accuracies and precisions of the method were monitored at three concentration levels of each analyte. The recoveries were between 83 and 109%, and the relative standard deviations were less than 6%. The method is applicable for the determination of carvedilol and haloperidol in the lake and river water and human plasma samples with recoveries between 98 and 109% and relative standard deviation of less than 9%.