Fabrication and evaluation of bamboo fabric coated with extracts of Curcuma longa, Centella asiatica and Azadirachta indica as a wound dressing material

Abstract

Biomaterials are used on wounds as a dressing material to prevent the infection and to heal the wounds. In this present study, pure bamboo fabric has been selected for construction of functional part of bandage, coated with natural herbs such as Azadirachta indica, Centella asiatica, and Curcuma longa by microcapsules and exhaustion method. The binding of extracts to the fabric was confirmed through FTIR and FESEM analysis at 1 µm magnification. The air-permeability of the fabricate samples shows 100 cm3/cm2/s and the bursting strength was found to be 5.5 kg/cm2. The extension at break and recover of fabricated material was 101% and 24% respectively. The extract coated fabric expressed good water contact angle (50.51°–58.69°) and swelling property of about 337–320% at 10 mg/ml extract concentration. All fabrics exhibited good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, the major microbes present in the wounds. The prepared dressing material had shown only 20% degradation against lysozyme enzyme with no allergic reactions. Furthermore, wound healing ability of BFC-Cl, BFC-Ai and BFC-Ca were tested on Albino Wistar rats and found that extracts coated fabric took 15 days for complete healing of wound.