Abstract
Fullerene-based bulk heterojunction solar cells were fabricated, and the electronic and optical properties were investigated. C60 were used as n-type semiconductors, and porphyrin, CuInS2 and diamond were used as p-type semiconductors. An effect of exciton-diffusion blocking layer of perylene derivative on the solar cells between active layer and metal layer was also investigated. Optimized structures with the exciton-diffusion blocking layer improved conversion efficiencies. Electronic structures of the molecules were investigated by molecular orbital calculation, and energy levels of the solar cells were discussed. Nanostructures of the solar cells were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction and X-ray diffraction, which indicated formation of mixed nanocrystals.
Highlights
Carbon-based nanostructures such as fullerenes, nanocapsules, onions, nanopolyhedra, cones, cubes, and nanotubes have been widely reported and investigated [1,2,3,4]
Effects of perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) addition to the ZnTPP:C60 bulk heterojunction solar cells were investigated, which is denoted as ZnTPP:C60/PTCDA
Conversion efficiency was increased by introduction of PTCDA layer because the exciton migration of
Summary
Carbon-based nanostructures such as fullerenes, nanocapsules, onions, nanopolyhedra, cones, cubes, and nanotubes have been widely reported and investigated [1,2,3,4]. These carbon (C) nanomaterials with hollow cage structures show different physical properties, and have the potential of studying materials of low dimensionality within an isolated environment. C60-based polymer/fullerene solar cells have been investigated and reported [6,7,8,9]. One of the improvements is donor-acceptor (DA) proximity in the devices by using blends of donor-like and acceptor-like molecules or polymers, which are called DA bulk-heterojunction solar cells [13,14,15]
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