Fabricating low-cost, robust superhydrophobic coatings with re-entrant topology for self-cleaning, corrosion inhibition, and oil-water separation

Abstract

HypothesisThe superhydrophobic surfaces with re-entrant microstructures are known to provide robust superhydrophobicity by enhancing the energy barrier for Cassie-Baxter to Wenzel transition. However, the fabrication of such structured surfaces often involves sophisticated techniques and expensive ingredients. ExperimentsHerein, a multifunctional, low-cost, and fluorine-free superhydrophobic coating with re-entrant surface topology was fabricated using fly ash (FA) and room-temperature-vulcanizing silicone. A systematic study was performed to evaluate the coating properties and durability. The robustness was evaluated as a function of particle size and inter-particle spacing. The performance in self-cleaning, corrosion inhibition and oil-water separation has been presented. FindingsThe synthesized coatings are substrate-versatile and demonstrate superhydrophobic behavior. The close-packed coating of re-entrant FA particles attained via vibration compaction was seen to provide high robustness. The coatings retain their superhydrophobicity after multiple cycles of tape-peeling and exposure to environmental factors including temperature, pH, and UV radiation. These coatings exhibit excellent corrosion inhibition (corrosion efficiency > 99.999%), outperforming the majority of the previously reported superhydrophobic coatings. It also displays excellent self-cleaning property and high separation efficiencies in oil-water separation (>99%). We envision that such FA-based superhydrophobic coatings can solve the issues of synthesizing cheaper, sustainable, and robust superhydrophobic surfaces while simultaneously opening new avenues for FA utilization.