Extraterrestrial photosynthesis by Chang’E-5 lunar soil

Abstract

<h2>Summary</h2> In light of significant efforts being taken toward manned deep space exploration, it is of high technological importance and scientific interest to develop the lunar life support system for long-term exploration. Lunar <i>in situ</i> resource utilization offers a great opportunity to provide the material basis of life support for lunar habitation and traveling. Based on the analysis of the structure and composition, Chang'E-5 lunar soil sample has the potential for lunar solar energy conversion, i.e., extraterrestrial photosynthetic catalysts. By evaluating the performance of the Chang'E-5 lunar sample as photovoltaic-driven electrocatalyst, photocatalyst, and photothermal catalyst, full water splitting and CO₂ conversion are able to be achieved by solar energy, water, and lunar soil, with a range of target product for lunar life, including O₂, H₂, CH₄, and CH₃OH. Thus, we propose a potentially available extraterrestrial photosynthesis pathway on the moon, which will help us to achieve a "zero-energy consumption" extraterrestrial life support system.