Abstract
In recent years, world attention has focused upon environmental destruction within the Brazilian Amazon, and the plight of indigenous peoples and rubber tappers living in the rainforest who depend on forest products for their very survival. In Brazil, public policy debate has centered upon the vexing question of how to conserve the rainforest, while simultaneously protecting the rights of people who live there. In Brazil, authorities think they might have the answer in so-called 'extractive reserves,' areas set aside by the government for local people who live in the Amazon. In 1990, in an innovative move, the Brazilian state set up the first extractive reserves, and there are now 16 federal and 21 state extractive reserves covering a total area of almost 45,000 square kilometers and benefiting a population of approximately 45,000 people.
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