Abstract
An overflowing cylinder (OFC) provides a controlled means of generating an expanding air–water surface under steady-state conditions. With an OFC, the adsorption of surfactants can be studied under non-equilibrium conditions. External-reflection Fourier transform infrared (ER-FT-IR) spectroscopy was used to obtain vibrational spectra of monolayers of the non-ionic surfactant C 10H 21(OC 2H 4) 8OH (C 10E 8) on the OFC with both p-polarised and s-polarised light. The surface sensitivity of the technique is demonstrated and the integrated area of the carbon–hydrogen stretching vibrations is related to the dynamic surface excess. The prospect of using ER-FT-IR spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of monolayer composition is briefly discussed.
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