Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the natural variability of the expression of class I chitinase gene in grapes of Vitis vinifera L. varieties as well as investigate their antimicrobial activity. Further, the effect of antimicrobial activity in chitinase expression was analyzed. Matured berries of thirteen grape varieties were used in the study—Alibernet, Dornfelder, Cabernet Sauvignon, Blaufränkisch, Sauvignon Blanc, Welschriesling, Weisser Riesling, Irsai Oliver, Pinot Blanc, Pálava, Müller-Thurgau, Grűner Veltliner, and Feteasca Regala, grown in the Small Carpathians wine region of Slovakia, Vrbové. Chitinase I gene expression was found to be similar in most of the analyzed varieties with the except of two varieties, where the expression of chitinase I was significantly higher—Pinot Blanc and Savignon Blanc. By comparing the varieties between the lowest and highest expression fold change, they were statistically different in the level of its chitinase I gene expression. Grape pomace extracts of analyzed Vitis vinifera L. were effective against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts, but a weak correlation tendency was found between chitinase I gene expression and antimicrobial activity, only against Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata.
Highlights
Vitis vinifera L., belongs to the oldest cultivated plants and is well adapted to a wide range of climates
The expression profiles of class I chitinase in matured grapes of thirteen different varieties
The expression profiles of Sauvignon, class I chitinase in matured grapes of thirteen different varieties
Summary
Vitis vinifera L., belongs to the oldest cultivated plants and is well adapted to a wide range of climates. The best agroclimatic conditions for its growth are those of the temperate Mediterranean regions up to the continental areas in central Europe. Western Europe is the world’s biggest producer of grapes and they are consumed either directly or as wine and the [1]. The health beneficial effects of grapes and wine consumption are well-known. Vitis vinifera L. is valuable/rich source of polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, stilbenes, vitamins (A and C), minerals (phosphorus, calcium), and carbohydrates [2,3]. It has been observed that moderate consumption of grapes or Agronomy 2020, 10, 1176; doi:10.3390/agronomy10081176 www.mdpi.com/journal/agronomy
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
