Abstract
Members of the genus Ixeris have long been used in traditional medicines as stomachics, sedatives, and diuretics. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H), 4-coumarate: coenzyme-A (CoA) ligase (4CL), chalcone synthase (CHS), and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) are important enzymes in the phenylpropanoid pathway. In this study, we analyzed seven genes from Ixeris dentata var. albiflora that are involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, using an Illumina/Solexa HiSeq 2000 platform. The amino acid sequence alignments for IdPALs, IdC4H, Id4CLs, IdCHS, and IdDFR showed high identity to sequences from other plants. We also investigated transcript levels using quantitative real-time PCR, and analyzed the accumulation of phenylpropanoids in different organs of I. dentata var. albiflora using high-performance liquid chromatography. The transcript levels of IdC4H, Id4CL1, IdCHS, and IdDFR were highest in the leaf. The catechin, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, and quercetin contents were also highest in the leaf. We suggest that expression of IdC4H, Id4CL1, IdCHS, and IdDFR is associated with the accumulation of phenylpropanoids. Our results may provide baseline information for elucidating the mechanism of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in different organs of I. dentata var. albiflora.
Highlights
Ixeris dentata var. albiflora, a perennial herbaceous plant in the genus Ixeris (Asteraceae), is well known as an edible wild vegetable in Korea, China, Japan, and Mongolia
We investigated the accumulation of phenolic compounds and the transcript levels of genes involved in the regulation of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in different organs of I. dentata
We investigated the transcript levels of the five genes using Quantitative Real Time-PCR (qRT-PCR), and analyzed the accumulation of phenylpropanoids in different organs of I. dentata using HPLC
Summary
Ixeris dentata var. albiflora, a perennial herbaceous plant in the genus Ixeris (Asteraceae), is well known as an edible wild vegetable in Korea, China, Japan, and Mongolia. Flavonoids are the largest group of secondary metabolitesreported in plants They are further compounds from the rhizomes of Smilax china have anti-inflammatory activity [10]. Expressed sequence tag (EST) libraries have been generated for some medicinal plants, Flavonoids are the largest group of secondary metabolites in plants. They are further classified into and the EST sequences have been catalogued in the dbEST database at the National Center flavonols, flavones, flavanones, catechins, anthocyanidins, and chalcones [12]. We investigated the accumulation of phenolic compounds and the transcript levels of genes involved in the regulation of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in different organs of I. dentata
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