Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) is important as a mesenchymal mediator of epithelial growth and morphogenesis. In this study, the expression and localization of the FGF10 protein were detected by laser scanning confocal microscopy during mouse postnatal mammary gland development. Mammary explants were cultured to investigate the functions of FGF10. The results revealed that FGF10 localizes mainly in the mesenchyme near the ductal epithelial cells and the alveolar epithelial cells of the mammary gland. Peak FGF10 expression levels were observed at lactation day 10. FGF10 induced FGFR2-IIIb expression in the mammary epithelium, except in virgin or pregnant mice. FGF10 promoted the proliferation of mammary gland epithelial cells and reduced apoptosis. FGF10 is important during the mouse mammary gland growth, development, and reconstruction, and its effects are mediated by FGFR2-IIIb.
Highlights
The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family comprises at least 22 members, many of which have been implicated in multiple aspects of vertebrate development
Peak expression of Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) was detected in lactation day 10 (Figure 2)
The expression of FGF10 began to increase during lactation and peaked at lactation day 10; subsequently, FGF10 expression began to decline during early involution, but increased and remained high after involution day 10
Summary
The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family comprises at least 22 members, many of which have been implicated in multiple aspects of vertebrate development. 10 (FGF10) has been associated with branching morphogenesis [1]. The cDNA encoding FGF10 was isolated and named in 1996 [2]. It is highly expressed in the lung and at lower levels in the heart, skin, Int. J. 2013, 14 pancreas and brain [3]. Two types of FGF receptors (FGFRs) bind to FGF10, FGFR2-IIIb and FGFR1-IIIb. FGF10 binds to FGFR2-IIIb with high affinity [4]
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