Abstract
In this study, we examined the relations between dimensions of Perceived Emotional Intelligence (PEI) and classic constructs, such as social support, on depression, stress, and subjective well-being indicators (life satisfaction and happiness). The study also sought to determine whether PEI dimensions accounted for a significant portion of the variance beyond that of classic constructs in the study of depression, stress, and well-being outcomes in a sample of 442 unemployed subjects. Results indicated that social support and all PEI dimensions are found to be significant and negatively related to depression and stress, and these variables were also found to be significant and positively associated with life satisfaction and happiness. Additionally, results using regression analysis indicated that PEI, and specifically use of emotions and regulation of emotions, explain a significant amount of the variance of all outcomes after controlling for socio-demographics and social support dimensions. Finally, theoretical and practical implications of these constructs and their relation with psychological adjustment and well-being in unemployed people are discussed.
Highlights
Unemployment remains a major economic and social problem in the European Union
It is well documented that job loss is associated with a significant increase in psychological distress, depression, and worsening mental health (Paul & Moser, 2009; Stankunas et al, 2006), and it is associated with a significant decrease in psychological well-being
To examine and evaluate the separate contribution of socio-demographic variables, social support, self-emotion appraisal, other-emotion appraisal, use of emotion, and regulation of emotion for the prediction of depressive symptomatology, stress symptomatology, life satisfaction, and happiness, our study conducted a set of hierarchical regression analyses
Summary
Unemployment remains a major economic and social problem in the European Union. According to the Eurostat database, the unemployment problem has been most acute in Greece, Spain, Portugal, and Italy (Eurostat Unemployment Database, 2016). In 2016 Spain has the second highest European Union unemployment rate, after Greece. The national unemployment rate in the first quarter of 2016 for Spain was 21% with 4,791,400 individuals unemployed (INE Instituto Nacional de Estadıstica, 2016). Unemployment is one of the biggest problems for European countries, because of its socio-economic impact, and because of its psychological consequences. The psychosocial impact of job loss is considered to be a major stressful event with long-term consequences for individuals (Wanberg, 2012). It is well documented that job loss is associated with a significant increase in psychological distress, depression, and worsening mental health (Paul & Moser, 2009; Stankunas et al, 2006), and it is associated with a significant decrease in psychological well-being
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