Abstract
Abstract Long-range airborne geophysical measurements were carried out in the ICEGRAV campaigns, covering hitherto unexplored parts of interior East Antarctica and part of the Antarctic Peninsula. The airborne surveys provided a regional coverage of gravity, magnetic and ice-penetrating radar measurements for major Dronning Maud Land ice stream systems, from the grounding lines up to the Recovery Lakes drainage basin, and filled in major data voids in Antarctic data compilations, such as AntGP for gravity data, ADMAP for magnetic data and BEDMAP2 for ice thickness data and the sub-ice topography. We present the first maps of gravity, magnetic and ice thickness data and bedrock topography for the region and show examples of bedrock topography and basal reflectivity patterns. The 2013 Recovery Lakes campaign was carried out with a British Antarctic Survey Twin Otter aircraft operating from the Halley and Belgrano II stations, as well as a remote field camp located at the Recovery subglacial Lake B site. Gravity measurements were the primary driver for the survey, with two airborne gravimeters (Lacoste and Romberg and Chekan-AM) providing measurements at an accuracy level of around 2 mGal r.m.s., supplementing GOCE (Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer) satellite data and confirming an excellent sub-milligal agreement between satellite and airborne data at longer wavelengths.
Highlights
The ICEGRAV campaigns of DTU Space (National Space Institute, Denmark) were part of an international effort to intensify the coverage of gravity data in Antarctica, in support of global geodetic reference models
This paper gives an overview of the ICEGRAV campaigns, with a special focus on the interior East Antarctica survey flights, and gives some examples of the acquired data, with particular emphasis placed on the accuracy of the acquired gravity data
DTU Space used a similar Kenn Borek Basler-BT67 aircraft for extensive longrange gravity and magnetic surveys in the central Arctic Ocean in March–May 2009, with excellent gravity results. As this aircraft could not be used for the ICEGRAV surveys, the ICEGRAV operations were restricted to the ICECAP shoulder seasons, causing week-long delays in the Antarctic Peninsula flights due to bad weather, especially summer fog conditions at the elevated runway at the Argentinean Marambio base
Summary
Antarctic Peninsula (Marambio/ Basler DC3 IAA, INACH (Chile), UTIG Teniente Marsh). Twin Otter BAS, NPI, IAA, ALCI (support flights for FD83 field camp) aircraft used at the British Rothera base, the remote Belgrano-2 field base (Argentina) and the NPI field camp at FD83. Magnetic, radar and LiDAR sensors were flown. Airborne and reference Geometrics 823A Cesium magnetometers were provided by UTIG and DTU Space, respectively, for magnetic measurements on the ICEGRAV flights. Icepenetrating radar (150 MHz) and airborne magnetometer instruments for the 2013 survey were provided by BAS. In the 2010–11 survey from Troll, a novel DTU Space P-band (435 MHz) polarimetric ice-penetrating radar system was flown on an experimental basis, demonstrating the capability to sound several kilometres into the ice sheet (Dall et al 2012). Additional sensors flown included single-beam laser altimeters, inertial measurement units and various geodetic global positioning system receivers, provided by DTU Space, UTIG or BAS. In 2011, UTIG operated a photon-counting scanning LiDAR system during the ICEGRAV flights (Young et al 2015)
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