Abstract
Oral childhood diseases, such as caries and gingivitis, have much more than a local impact on the dentition and tooth surrounding tissues, which can affect systemic conditions. While the mouth is frequently exposed to microbial stressors that can contribute to an inflammatory state in the entire body, chronic disorders can also interfere with oral health. Sharing common risk factors, a dynamic interplay can be driven between 1. dental caries, gingivitis, and type I diabetes mellitus, 2. early childhood caries and obesity, and 3. caries and cardiovascular diseases. Considering that there are ~2.2 billion children worldwide and that childhood provides unique opportunities for intervention targeting future health promotion, this review is of prime importance and aimed to explore the relationship between the oral microbiome and oral chronic diseases driven by metabolic dysfunction in childhood.
Highlights
The mouth is a part of the human body and cannot be considered independent
Dental caries affects more than 530 million children worldwide [3] and is characterized by tooth demineralization due to the action of organic acids after bacterial dietary substrate fermentation [4, 5], while gingivitis is characterized by bleeding and swelling due to the initial inflammatory process of the gums, which can progress to the destruction of tooth-supported tissues [6]
The present review is an attempt to investigate the relationship between the oral microbiome and oral and chronic diseases driven by metabolic dysfunction in childhood
Summary
The mouth is a part of the human body and cannot be considered independent. The oral cavity harbors a diverse microbiome and the second largest number of microorganisms after the gut [1], with ∼500–700 species [2]. Dental caries affects more than 530 million children worldwide [3] and is characterized by tooth demineralization due to the action of organic acids after bacterial dietary substrate fermentation [4, 5], while gingivitis is characterized by bleeding and swelling due to the initial inflammatory process of the gums, which can progress to the destruction of tooth-supported tissues (periodontitis) [6] Both diseases culminate in tooth loss, prejudicing the mastication process, phonetics, respiration, swallowing, and even the quality of life. Progress in the field of molecular biology has led to culture-independent techniques, which have revealed many uncultivable microorganisms that better represent the oral microbiota and its complexities Systemic diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular problems, and type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have been shown to be influenced by dental plaque-associated oral diseases. The present review is an attempt to investigate the relationship between the oral microbiome and oral and chronic diseases driven by metabolic dysfunction in childhood
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
