Abstract
The synthesis and application of silver nanoparticles are increasingly becoming attractive. Hence, a critical examination of the various factors needed for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles as well as the characterization is imperative. In light of this, we addressed in this chapter, the nitty-gritty on the operational parameters (factors) and characterization relevant to synthesis of silver nanoparticle. The following characterization protocols were discussed in the context of silver nanoparticle synthesis. These protocols include spectroscopic techniques such as ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Keywords: silver nanoparticles, characterization, morphology, operational factors
Highlights
The field of nanotechnology is gaining more attention daily from different researchers based on the vast applications and its efficacy
In a separate study involving a surface chemical characterization of silver nanoparticles thin film using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) instrument equipped with monochromatic Al–K-α X-ray source [83]; the XPS spectrum and the high-resolution XPS window of the core level atoms comprising the silver nanoparticles capped with carboxylate/1-dodecylamine revealed the presence of Ag, C, O, and N atoms according to their binding energies
Conditions attached to each of these have been identified. Chief among these factors is the effect of pH which affect the chemistry of the silver nanoparticle synthesis
Summary
The field of nanotechnology is gaining more attention daily from different researchers based on the vast applications and its efficacy. The following methods have been identified for synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Wet chemistry, Ion implantation, Biological synthesis and product functionalization. Biological method of synthesizing silver nanoparticles may involve the use of bacteria, fungi and plant extract using green synthesis route. This method is ecofriendly, low cost and silver nanoparticles formed are stable and well dispersed with limited aggregation and good size control [15, 16]. There have been reports on the synthetic routes and applications of silver nanoparticle, nitty-gritty on the operational parameters imperative to the synthesis have not been so reported and the cogent considerable factors in characterization have not been majorly explored by researchers. This book chapter aimed at taking a review survey of the operational parameters (factors) and the characterization imperative to synthesis of silver nanoparticles
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