Exploring the biophysical properties, synergistic antibacterial activity, and cell viability of nanocomposites containing casein phosphopeptides and amorphous calcium phosphate

Abstract

The application of nanotechnology in restorative and preventive dentistry has the potential to significantly improve the treatment of tooth structure diseases, which are common and harmful. This study primarily focuses on the production of a nanocomposite that utilizes amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and casein phosphopeptides (CPPs), which are widely employed in oral care products. The aim is to investigate the manufacturing process and characteristics of this nanocomposite, as it holds potential for applications in the field of oral care. The nanocomposite was formed by mixing the in-house synthesized CPP and in situ prepared ACP in the presents of gel extracted from the Aloe Vera. The physico-chemical characteristics of the product were comprehensively studied by various techniques. The findings suggest that a novel substance developed by a chelating reaction between the carboxyl groups and amino groups leads to forming a stable nanocomposite. The antibacterial activity of CPP-ACP nanocomposite and its individual component was tested against E. Faecalis and S. mutans, demonstrating potent antibacterial activity against both bacteria. Importantly, the cytotoxicity of CPP-ACP nanocomposite against Human epithelial type 2 cell line showed very low toxicity representing a good cytocompatibility. These findings suggest that the CPP-ACP nanocomposite has potential as an effective antibacterial material for healthcare products while supporting cell viability.