Exploring Financial Trends through Topic Modeling and Time-Series Analysis: A Clustering Approach Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) on Twitter Data

This chapter reviews customer relationship management, social media platforms, and social media analytics, and discusses how social media platforms and social media analytics are used to support social CRM. Social CRM emerged by integrating social media with customer relationship management. Social media offers companies an array of innovative ways to interact with their employees, customers, partners, and other stakeholders. As the user base of social media is growing rapidly, it is crucial for companies to understand their social media platforms, develop a plan to continually integrate social media with CRM, analyze social media data with social media analytics, and quickly respond to the needs of customers. To help CRM managers utilize social media analytics systematically, this chapter discusses various analytics methods and presents analytics processes for social media data.

This chapter reviews customer relationship management, social media platforms, and social media analytics, and discusses how social media platforms and social media analytics are used to support social CRM. Social CRM emerged by integrating social media with customer relationship management. Social media offers companies an array of innovative ways to interact with their employees, customers, partners, and other stakeholders. As the user base of social media is growing rapidly, it is crucial for companies to understand their social media platforms, develop a plan to continually integrate social media with CRM, analyze social media data with social media analytics, and quickly respond to the needs of customers. To help CRM managers utilize social media analytics systematically, this chapter discusses various analytics methods and presents analytics processes for social media data.

To determine which social media analytics tools, techniques, and platforms were developed in recent times, this paper reviews tools, techniques, and platforms related to social media analytics. In this paper, we talk about the tools used to deal with various social media data (social networking, media, etc.). In the past decade, there has been advancement in the technologies used to deal with social media as there has been an increase in the number of people using social media to share information and also the development of the new social media platforms that have let to increase in the amount of data that we have to deal with. Social media platforms have a considerable number of users across the world, which is overgrowing. These people are sharing information through these sources. There is a large quantity of social data comprising of data related to users, videos, web-based relations, and interactions, etc. which needs to be analyzed. Therefore analyzing social media data has become a significant activity for researchers, mainly due to the availability of the web-based API from social media platforms like twitter, facebook [1], Gmail, etc. This has also led to the development of data services, software tools for analyzing social media data. In this paper, there is a detailed review of the leading software tools and techniques that are used for scraping, cleaning, and analyzing social media data.

Social media platforms are used by over 4.9 billion people for networking and community building, as well as for healthcare information seeking and decision-making. Most studies investigating the utilization of social media during pregnancy have focused on high-income countries, despite the surge in social media utilization globally. In this study, we analyzed how pregnant women in Ghana, West Africa, utilize Facebook to inform decision-making on their most salient pregnancy concerns. We utilized machine learning techniques (Web Scraping and Latent Dirichlet Allocation) to mine and analyze posts from the Ghana-based MidWife Sally Pregnancy School Facebook group between August 16, 2020 and April 29, 2023. Posts were extracted, cleaned, and analyzed using Gensim python library. Topics were generated based on their probabilities and relevance to the study goal. A total of 3,328 posts were extracted and 3,322 were analyzed after removing 6 empty posts. Seven major topics with listed subtopics were identified: Pregnant (693 posts): personal physiological changes, exercise during pregnancy, medication (e.g., anti-malarials, pain killers) Delivery (367): emergency delivery, vaginal/caesarean birthing, breastmilk production, exercise during pregnancy Pain (350): location of pain and pain relief modalities (e.g., exercise, medication, sleep) Breastfeeding (248): delivery, emergency service, milk production Water (174): cold water consumption, infant feeding (e.g., gripe water, constipation, formula) Sleeping (165): discomfort, sleeping positions, exercise to induce sleep, sleep as a natural analgesic Antenatal (124): fetal growth, progress, hospital selection Of note, content from "Pregnant", "Delivery" and "Sleeping" included mentions of depression, while "Breastfeeding" highlighted cultural approaches to increasing milk production. The sentiment analysis showed that 43.4% of the responses were neutral and primarily focused on seeking information. Negative sentiments, which were more distressing, comprised 46.4% of the responses, while positive sentiments, had a celebratory tone and represented 10.2% of the data. Social media analysis, previously employed in high income settings, can provide impactful, granular snapshots of pregnant people's concerns in the African region, which could be used to inform social media interventions aimed at filling educational gaps in antenatal care for those without adequate healthcare access.

This paper is written for (social science) researchers seeking to analyze the wealth of social media now available. It presents a comprehensive review of software tools for social networking media, wikis, really simple syndication feeds, blogs, newsgroups, chat and news feeds. For completeness, it also includes introductions to social media scraping, storage, data cleaning and sentiment analysis. Although principally a review, the paper also provides a methodology and a critique of social media tools. Analyzing social media, in particular Twitter feeds for sentiment analysis, has become a major research and business activity due to the availability of web-based application programming interfaces (APIs) provided by Twitter, Facebook and News services. This has led to an ‘explosion’ of data services, software tools for scraping and analysis and social media analytics platforms. It is also a research area undergoing rapid change and evolution due to commercial pressures and the potential for using social media data for computational (social science) research. Using a simple taxonomy, this paper provides a review of leading software tools and how to use them to scrape, cleanse and analyze the spectrum of social media. In addition, it discussed the requirement of an experimental computational environment for social media research and presents as an illustration the system architecture of a social media (analytics) platform built by University College London. The principal contribution of this paper is to provide an overview (including code fragments) for scientists seeking to utilize social media scraping and analytics either in their research or business. The data retrieval techniques that are presented in this paper are valid at the time of writing this paper (June 2014), but they are subject to change since social media data scraping APIs are rapidly changing.

Dissemination of medical publications on social media - is it the new standard?

Due to the rapid advancement in social media and technology, it generates a large amount of data in different areas of applications. Social media analysis and text mining are all about collecting the most valuable data and drawing actionable conclusions. Text mining also referred to as data mining it is which contains various nodes in the form of data which is often linked together to form a pattern. High-quality information is typically derived through the devising of patterns and trends through means such as statistical pattern learning. In this study we have analyzed and mounted social media data from Twitter, new articles, and Reddit which suggest that domestic abuse is acting as an opportunistic infection, flourishing in the condition created by the pandemic. The computing tweet sentiments of domestic violence amongst various social media platforms is a major factor of concern. We have used several topic modeling techniques such as Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) uses a bag of words model, Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (HDP) is a nonparametric Bayesian model for clustering problems, and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is a generative probabilistic model for collections of discrete data. Therefore, in this project, we tend to propose a deeper insight into the rise in domestic violence on social media and to provide a holistic approach to tackle this situation.

Online equity markets have significantly changed the dynamics of connecting angels and individual equity investors to new ventures that seek early-stage capital. However, for those early-stage investors, information pointing to the success of business-to-business (B2B) new ventures (B2BNVs) is scattered and disconnected. This paper focuses on social media narratives (SMNs) as a source of insight for such investors and proposes that predicting a B2BNV’s likelihood of success requires a comparative view, i.e., a comparison of its SMNs with those of its competitors and customers. We expect that higher (lower) lingual similarity between the SMNs of an early-stage B2BNV and those of its prospective customers (competitors) predict its success. Using a longitudinal panel of 574 B2BNVs resulting in more than 2,700 venture-round observations, we find that a comparative view of a venture’s SMNs can give early-stage investors reliable predictions about the B2BNV’s ability to manage its market presence and its success in later stages. Our models show that a comparative view of SMNs increases the accuracy of predicting a B2BNV’s later-stage fundraising success by an average of 15%. Furthermore, predictive models can reliably point to a successful market presence in later stages, including the landing of customers, the winning of awards and competitions, the receiving of endorsements, the generating of revenue, and the successful patenting of products. Our study contributes to existing literature that focuses on the business impacts of social media by demonstrating the usefulness of comparative linguistics in social media analytics, i.e., comparing the firm’s social media communications to those of its competitors and business customers in the prediction of the entrepreneurial firm’s success.

Social Media Analytics and Practical Applications: The Change to the Competition Landscape provides a framework that allows you to understand and analyze the impact of social media in various industries. It illustrates how social media analytics can help firms build transformational strategies and cope with the challenges of social media technology. By focusing on the relationship between social media and other technology models, such as wisdom of crowds, healthcare, fintech and blockchain, machine learning methods, and 5G, this book is able to provide applications used to understand and analyze the impact of social media. Various industries are called out and illustrate how social media analytics can help firms build transformational strategies and at the same time cope with the challenges that are part of the landscape. The book discusses how social media is a driving force in shaping consumer behavior and spurring innovations by embracing and directly engaging with consumers on social media platforms. By closely reflecting on emerging practices, the book shows how to take advantage of recent advancements and how business operations are being revolutionized. Social Media Analytics and Practical Applications is written for academicians and professionals involved in social media and social media analytics.

Since Facebook became available to the public, social media (SM) has become the most popular online activity. Currently, 91% of adults are active SM users. Of this 91% of adults on SM, more than 20% of their time online is spent on networking sites like Facebook and Twitter (Weiguo and Gordon, 2014). These powerful tools connect people around the world and show no signs of slowing down. SM has become a popular online activity for individuals, especially for those involved in business. SM is seen as a tool to aid businesses in spreading their own message, at little to no cost. It is an inclusive medium that incorporates consumers’ voices. Consumers can share their opinions openly or in response to public messages from a business. They can also show support of a company by following their page or acting on the business’ post through “likes”, “favorites”, “re-tweets”, and more depending on the SM platform. These actions of liking, re-tweeting, etc. are valuable data for businesses when compiled from their SM platforms. This data, or SM analytics, can assist a business in numerous ways. SM analytics can tell a business if they are properly reaching consumers on SM, how they can improve their SM content strategy, can tell a business how people feel about the company, and can even help tell a business how SM drives revenue and effects the bottom line. According to AdWeek, only 41% of marketers are capitalizing on their SM data. That is because it is a challenge for marketers to not only collect all of this data, but also to interpret and utilize it. With the growth of SM as a marketing tool, it is more and more vital for a business to have a successful online presence. To help understand how to properly utilize analytics, this paper examines this through the lens of the sports industry. In a competitive environment that generated $498.5 billion in 2015, the U.S. sports and recreation industry always strives for ways to gain a competitive edge and open new avenues to generate revenue (Plunkett Research, Ltd, 2016). One of these growing opportunities is through SM, where sporting goods companies, professional sports leagues, and professional sports teams have been leaders. This paper will not only show how these groups operate their SM and its analytics, but will also draw differences in best practice among the groups. This information will valuable for not only minor and independent league sports and teams, but also for small businesses, to help them learn how to effectively tie SM to business objectives.

Social media has become entwined in the private and professional lives of many in modern society. In academia, social media enables users to communicate instantly and transparently with other professionals, the general public and policymakers across the world, and forge virtual communities.1 There has been growing popularity at the level of individuals and institutions to establish professional accounts to communicate ideas, disseminate shared learning, foster collaborations and drive patient and public involvement. These benefits wholly appeal to academic journals, many of which now regard social media as important drivers of success. Shares and retweets of published articles increase their read counts and favourably affect metrics which benchmark research attention, for example Altmetrics and PlumX. It is now established that social media activity, especially on Twitter,2 correlates with citation counts3–5 and therefore directly influences the journal's impact factor – the de facto measure of success. Accordingly, journals are increasingly enrolling individuals to manage and coordinate academic social media account(s), known formally as the social media editor (SME). These positions are influential and are held in high regard by the editorial board. They are usually run by trainees or specialists who are well versed in the journal's specialty.6 As the role is relatively modern, with many being the first to serve the role,6 the editor may not have received specific remits for their role or a code of conduct by which to abide. We therefore aim to share our collective experience and to provide tips on becoming a successful SME (Figure 1). Reviewing upcoming publications to select articles to highlight; Desirable qualities, expected roles and tips for becoming a successful social media editor. Most journals will have an established social media platform in preparation for the role. However, if required, a dedicated professional account can be set up using a platform that suits the needs of the editor and editorial board, whilst considering pros and cons (Table 1). Twitter is the platform of choice for professional accounts because of its simplicity, interactivity and rapid sharing through retweets. Facebook serves the largest public audience and is an alternative, although shares on private accounts do not feed into Altmetrics/PlumX metrics. YouTube, Instagram and TikTok are also used to host media-specific content. The SME must be aware of the differences between the various platforms in order to enhance the impact fully. All accounts require a username, bio and photo. Within the bio, it is advisable to include a brief description of the journal, its scope, impact factor (which is updated yearly) and a link to the official website. Consider tagging the affiliating organisation (e.g. @my_ueg for UEG Journal) or relevant professional accounts (of the editor-in-chief or SME). Maintaining relevance is vital for any social media account. It is important to strike the right balance of posts to maintain impact and momentum. Accounts which post infrequently risk a loss of interest from followers and may be deprioritised from subscriber feeds, whereas those that post too often could be regarded as a nuisance and lead to unsubscribing. Social media posts should be interesting, that is, eye-catching or thought-provoking. They should carry novelty – excessive repetition of posts on the same paper should be avoided. Visit and bookmark the 'Online First' or 'In Press' sections of the journal which provide the latest releases and are likely to garner attention. These should be regularly reviewed and shared in a timely manner for maximum effect. When posting journal articles, always include the link to the paper. This not only allows convenient access to the full text, but also contributes to social media metrics. Having a good grasp of the latest developments and hot topics being discussed in the field can also allow the SME to post relevant work from their respective journals and heighten visibility. All posts should be professional (see above) and reflect the voice of the journal, with a focus on scientific content. Social media accounts should encourage interaction. Tag users (e.g. authors, institutions and societal accounts) who may share the article and bring visibility and followers. Ensure gender representation and diversity in your tags. Be proactive and keep lists of influential users and consider following them. If appropriate, like, retweet or respond. Some journals will ask authors to provide Twitter handles and a short summary to facilitate dissemination (and discussion) if their paper is accepted. Hashtags enable topics to be indexed under a common heading to improve searchability and are encouraged.8 Consider using a scheduler to plan posts in advance. Social media management software (e.g. Buffer, Hootsuite and TweetDeck) enable posts to be scheduled and distributed across multiple platforms simultaneously. These can be synchronised with personal calendars to coincide with important dates (e.g. issue releases and conferences) and seminal publications, some of which may be flagged up for press release. These tools allow for better time management. Keep abreast of your followers. Develop an intuition for the days and times that followers are most likely to interact, and the topics of particular interest. This can help to schedule posts for optimal visibility and impact. It is not uncommon for journals to have accounts across platforms and to use the most appropriate one with regard to the content at hand, for example short clips of author interviews and videos of endoscopic procedures will likely be better served with video-sharing platforms such as YouTube. There is also a science behind the optimal timing to tweet or post social media content which may differ amongst different platforms. Although English is the lingua franca of scientific research, some journals will post translated content to appeal to a wider audience. Brevity lies at the core of Twitter, where posts have a 280-character limit and 'a picture is worth a thousand words'. The art of the role is to summarise full papers into this character count by extracting headline messages, minimising text, applying symbols/emojis and emphasising images. Condense hyperlinks using a professional URL shortener. However, avoid using abbreviations which can confuse international readers. Social media users tend to scroll and move on. Grab their attention using eye-catching media (e.g. self-explanatory figures or visual abstracts). Visual abstracts provide an at-a-glance summary of papers with minimal text. These increase the impressions, retweets and article visits compared to text alone.9 The screenshot function can be used to capture high-resolution on-screen images, especially within PDF files. On Twitter, attaching images enables up to 10 users to be tagged without eroding the character count. Up to four images may be attached. Consider resizing images to ideal aspect ratios which fit within the preview window. The ideal aspect ratio is 16:9 (widescreen) for a single image post, 7:8 (displayed side-by-side) for two images and 2:1 (in a 2 × 2 layout) for four images. Beyond Twitter, different social media platforms have various formats to adhere to which requires the SME to have a more nuanced approach towards creating content. For example, Facebook posts allow up to 63,206 characters, although shorter posts may lead to higher engagement. While SMEs are likely to be well versed with basic functionality, learn the more advanced functions. On Twitter, the functions of 'Pinned Tweet', 'Draft', 'Search', 'Lists', bookmarks and poll can be helpful. 'Moments' enable tweets to be compiled. Serial tweets on the same paper can be released in a 'thread' or in a 'Tweetorial' format. Social media analytics (see below) can be interrogated to assess the impact of posts. Online hashtag analysers can determine the most influential ones to select for future use. Be flexible with accessing the social media account. Although computer access provides greatest functionality, smartphone access enables optimal responsiveness whilst on the go. As a SME, it is imperative to become familiar with Twitter analytics/Altmetrics to monitor your journal's social media presence. The Altmetrics score is calculated from various online sources where a paper is cited, including: full publications, social media (Twitter and Facebook), Wikipedia, saved articles on bookmarking services, blogs and news outlets.10 Twitter analytics (available at https://analytics.twitter.com/) is the easiest way to keep track of Twitter activity and progress over time. This provides data such as tweet impressions (the number of times the tweet has been viewed), profile visits, follower counts and so on. The goal is to see steady progress over time. Third-party software may also yield helpful information, for example TweepsMap enables users to view where followers are located. Publishers are recognising and embracing the movement of social media dissemination and are including options to share publications using a link or DOI associated with each article. Various platforms are being used to facilitate and track these articles. Examples include platforms such as ImpactStory, Kudos, Publons and PlumX.10 Be aware that in the short term, any interventions by the SME is unlikely to influence the journal's impact factor, which is typically calculated over the preceding two or more years. Some journals recruit individuals who are enthusiastic and active on social media platforms as ambassadors to help promote and disseminate posts. This can have a big impact on the reach of posts. Ambassadors hailing from different countries can also enable the journal to reach a broader audience internationally. Their main role would be to help promote and share articles by the journal, and to join in the discussions where appropriate. Using a unified hashtag identifier for such posts (e.g. #UEGambassador, #JGHambassador) also allows for easier searchability and fosters a sense of solidarity. If there is an affiliated society, ambassadors present at conferences may also take up the role of live tweeting. Well-run social media campaigns will help to raise the visibility of the journal. As the SME role is essentially to communicate the views of the journal, it is important to have a good relationship and open communication with the editorial team (especially the editor-in-chief). Before starting, be clear of the duties and expectations, terms of reference (if applicable) and the types of posts which are permitted. Ensure that there is a clear pathway for troubleshooting, for example for controversial posts and complex queries. Join board meetings to be up to date with the journal's strategy which may involve social media. Update the board with progress, for example followers, popular posts and analytics. Encourage them to tweet! Share your own vision and social media strategies which may benefit the journal. Review structural process to enhance social media integration, for example inviting authors to include usernames, a tweet or a visual abstract during the submission phase. This can make life easier and enhance the impact and profile of authors. Last but not least, reach out and discuss how the journal can better support the SME role, for example funding for online subscriptions or professional assistance with graphics/visual abstracts. The role of SME may seem daunting at first. For us, this involved learning on the job. By describing the nature of the work and the qualities and tips to succeed as a SME, we hope to provide some guidance on this unique role which may benefit interested applicants and those occupying current roles. With the emergence of social media in academia, SMEs will likely become ubiquitous and hold an influential position amongst the editorial boards of academic journals. Dr Keith Siau (@drkeithsiau) manages the Twitter account for United European Gastroenterology Journal (@UEGJournal). Dr Rashid Lui (@RashidLui) manages the Twitter account for Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (@JGH_latest). Dr Sultan Mahmood (@SultanMahmoodMD) manages the Twitter account for Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (@AGA_CGH). The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Libraries are rethinking their roles as information hubs and community spaces in the age of digital transformation, and social media has become a potent tool for communicating with users. Furthermore, in the millennial era, SM (Social Media) plays a crucial role in our day-to-day lives. SM Provides a dialogic approach to the production of content as well as to the exchange of ideas, distribution, interpersonal connections, and social orders. As a result, social media outpace traditional media in developing readership and authorship relationships. Thus, in the current era of computerized innovation, the unique distribution of information and the quick delivery of that information to the readers can easily be done through this SM (Social Media). SM has been gaining importance in recent times due to the 3.5 billion active users' presence on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, linked, etc. In such an atmosphere, an exploration of leveraging social media analytics to improve library service should be initiated, with special emphasis on improving user engagement and gathering valuable feedback. It explores the nexus between SM data Analytics and information science with the goal of utilizing the abundance of data presenting social media platforms to support libraries in their endeavor to deliver services that are focused on the needs of library users. .The research uses qualitative research methods for qualitative exploration. In this qualitative analysis, the collection and analysis of user engagement such as SM shares, comments, clickthrough rates, and reaching social media platforms was done. Using these obtained data, the information needed for SM data analysis was created and explored through the SMA (Social media Analytics) Dashboard. At the end of the research, best practices and recommendations will be developed for libraries looking to use social media analytics to improve their service. These suggestions will include methods for enhancing user participation, gathering feedback more successfully, and using data to inform decision-making. In a time when digital engagement is essential to community outreach, this study attempts to equip libraries with the tools they need to use social media analytics wisely. Wayamba Library may increase user enrolment, expand service, and obtain priceless input by judiciously employing social media platforms. This will ultimately strengthen its position as a vibrant user-focused organization in the digital age.

IntroductionAlt, or alternative, accounts are secondary profiles people use in addition to a main account on a social media platform. They are a kind of automediation, a way of representing the self, that deliberately displays a different identity facet, and addresses a different audience, to what someone considers to be their main account. The term “alt” seems to have originated from videogame culture and been incorporated into understandings of social media accounts. A wiki page about alternate accounts on virtual world Second Life calls an alt “an account used by a resident for something other than their usual activity or to do things in privacy” (n.p.).Studying alts gives an insight into practices of managing and contextualising identities on networked platforms that are visible, persistent, editable, associable (Treem and Leonardi), spreadable, searchable (boyd), shareable (Papacharissi "Without"), and personalised (Schmidt). When these features of social media are understood as limitations that lead to context collapse (Marwick and boyd 122; Wesch 23), performative incoherence (Papacharissi Affective 99), and the risk of overexposure, people respond by developing alternative ways to use platforms.Plenty of scholarship on social media identities claims the self is fragmented, multifaceted, and contextual (Marwick 355; Schmidt 369). But the scholarship on multiple account use on single platforms is still emerging. Joanne Orlando writes for The Conversation that teens increasingly have more than one account on Instagram: “finstas” are “fake” or secondary accounts used to post especially candid photos to a smaller audience, thus they are deployed strategically to avoid the social pressure of looking polished and attractive. These accounts are referred to as “fake” because they are often pseudonymous, but the practice of compartmentalising audiences makes the promise that the photos posted are more authentic, spontaneous, and intimate. Kylie Cardell, Kate Douglas, and Emma Maguire (162) argue that while secondary accounts promise a less constructed version of life, speaking back to the dominant genre of aesthetically pleasing Instagram photos, all social media posts are constructed within the context of platform norms and imagined audiences (Litt & Hargittai 1). Still, secondary accounts are important for revealing these norms (Cardell, Douglas & Maguire 163). The secondary account is particularly prevalent on Twitter, a platform that often brings together multiple audiences into a public profile. In 2015, author Emily Reynolds claimed that Twitter alts were “an appealingly safe space compared to main Twitter where abuse, arguments and insincerity are rife” (n.p.).This paper draws on a survey of Twitter users with alts to argue that the strategic use of pseudonyms, profile photos without faces, locked accounts, and smaller audiences are ways to overcome some of the built-in limitations of social media automediality.Identity Is Multiple Chris Poole, founder of anonymous bulletin board 4chan, believes identity is a fluid concept, and designed his platform as a space in which people could connect over interests, not profiles. Positioning 4chan against real-name platforms, he argues:Your identity is prismatic […] we’re all multifaceted people. Google and Facebook would have you believe that you’re a mirror, that there is one reflection that you have, there is one idea of self. But in fact we’re more like diamonds. You can look at people from any angle and see something totally different, but they’re still the same. (n.p.)Claiming that identities are contextual performances stems from longstanding sociological and philosophical work on identity from theorists like Erving Goffman, who in the 1950s proposed a dramaturgical framework of the self to consider interactions as fundamentally social and performative rather than reflecting one core, essential inner self.Social media profiles allow people to use the language of the platform to represent themselves (Marwick 362), meaning identity performances are framed by platform architecture and features, formal and informal rules, and social ties (Schmidt 369). Social media profiles shape how people can engage in how they represent themselves, argue Shelly Farnham and Elizabeth Churchill, who claim that the assumption that a single, unified online identity is sufficient is a problematic trend in platform design. They argue that when facets of their lives are incompatible, people segment those lives into separate areas in order to maintain social norms and boundaries.Sidonie Smith and Julia Watson consider identity multiplicities to be crucial to automediality, which is built on an aesthetic of bricolage and pastiche rather than understanding subjectivity to be the essence of the self. In her work on automediality and online girlhood, Maguire ("Home"; "Self-Branding" 74) argues that an automedial approach attends to how mediation shapes the way selves can be represented online, claiming that the self is brought into being through these mediation practices.This article understands alt accounts as a type of social media practice that Nick Couldry (52) identifies as presencing: sustaining a public presence with media. I investigate presencing through studying alts as a way to manage separate publics, and the tension between public and private, on Twitter by surveying users who have a main and an alt account. Although research into multiple account use is nascent, Alice Marwick lists maintaining multiple accounts as a tactic to mitigate context collapse, alongside other strategies such as using nicknames, only sharing posts when they are appropriate for multiple audiences, and keeping more personal interactions to private messenger and text message.Ben Light argues that while connection is privileged on social media, disconnective practices like editing out, deleting, unfriending, untagging, rejecting follower requests, and in this case, creating alt accounts, are crucial. Disconnecting from some aspects of the social media experience allows people to stay connected on a particular platform, by negotiating the dynamics that do not appeal to them. While the disconnective practice of presencing through an alt has not been studied in detail, research I discuss in the next section focuses on multi-account use to argue that people who have more than one account on a single platform are aware of their audiences, and want control over which people see which posts.Multi-Platform and Multi-Account UseA conference presentation by Frederic Stutzman and Woodrow Hartzog calls maintaining multiple profiles on a single platform a strategy for boundary regulation, through which access is selectively granted to specific people. Stutzman and Hartzog interviewed 20 people with multiple profiles to determine four main motives for this kind of boundary regulation: privacy, identity management, utility (using one profile for a distinct purpose, like managing a restaurant page), and propriety (conforming to social norms around appropriate disclosure).Writing about multiple profiles on Reddit, Alex Leavitt argues that temporary or “throwaway” accounts give people the chance to disclose sensitive or off-topic information. For example, some women use throwaways when posting to a bra sizing subreddit, so men don’t exploit their main account for sexual purposes. Throwaways are a boundary management technique Leavitt considers beneficial for Redditors, and urges platform designers to consider implementing alternatives to single accounts.Jessa Lingel and Adam Golub also call for platforms to allow for multiple accounts, suggesting Facebook should let users link their profiles at a metadata level and be able to switch between them. They argue that this would be especially beneficial for those who take on specific personas, such as drag queens. In their study of drag queens with more than one Facebook profile, Lingel and Golub suggest that drag queens need to maintain boundaries between fans and friends, but creating a separate business page for their identity as a performer was inadequate for the kind of nuanced personal communication they engaged in with their fans. Drag queens considered this kind of communication relationship maintenance, not self-branding. This demonstrates that drag queens on Facebook are attentive to their audience, which is a common feature of users posting to social media: they have an idea, no matter how accurate, of who they are posting to.Eden Litt and Eszter Hargittai (1) call this perception the imagined audience, which serves as a guide for how to present the self and what to post about when an audience is unknown or not physically present. People in their study would either claim they were posting to no-one in particular, or that they had an audience in mind, whether this was personal ties (close friends, family, specific individuals like a best friend), communal ties (people interested in cleaning tips, local art community, people in Portland), professional ties (colleagues, clients, my radio show audience), and phantasmal ties (people with whom someone has an imaginary relationship, like famous people, brands, animals, and the dead).Based on these studies of boundary regulation, throwaway accounts, separate Facebook pages for fans and friends, and imagined audiences on social media, I designed a short survey that would prompt respondents to reflect on their own practices of negotiating platform limitations through their alt account.Asking Twitter about AltsTo research alts, I asked my own Twitter followers to tell me about theirs. I’ve been tweeting from @emvdn since 2010, and I have roughly 5,500 followers, mostly Melbourne academics, writers, and professionals. This method of asking my own Twitter followers questions builds on a study by Alice Marwick and danah boyd, in which they investigated context collapse on social media by tweeting questions like “w

In this digital era, social media is an important tool for information dissemination. Twitter is a popular social media platform. Social media analytics helps make informed decisions based on people's needs and opinions. This information, when properly perceived provides valuable insights into different domains, such as public policymaking, marketing, sales, and healthcare. Topic modeling is an unsupervised algorithm to discover a hidden pattern in text documents. In this study, we explore the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic model algorithm. We collected tweets with hashtags related to corona virus related discussions. This study compares regular LDA and LDA based on collapsed Gibbs sampling (LDAMallet) algorithms. The experiments use different data processing steps including trigrams, without trigrams, hashtags, and without hashtags. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of LDA for short text messages using un-pooled and pooled tweets. The results suggest that a pooling scheme using hashtags helps improve the topic inference results with a better coherence score.

In the digital age, as social media evolves into a new and significant centre for the dissemination of Chinese folk beliefs, the Malaysian Chinese have actively shared information about these folk beliefs on their social media platforms. The dissemination has transcended regional barriers, encouraging more Malaysian Chinese across various states to actively participate in public discussions on this topic. This study delves into Malaysian Chinese folk beliefs by analysing data from Facebook. A comprehensive examination of 4012 text posts was conducted using the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model for topic modelling. The analysis identified four main themes on social media: ‘Practitioners Worship’, ‘Temple Activities’, ‘Deity Legends’, and ‘Merchandise about Deity Statues’. Based on integrating social construction theory and media ecology theory, the study first explores the varied constructors, including practitioners, temple organisations, media organisations, and merchants. Secondly, Malaysian Chinese folk beliefs on social media present characteristics of utilitarianism, regional diversity, multiple social functions, flowing realms, strong Taoist elements, commercialisation, and a close relationship with the Spring Festival. Furthermore, ‘Safety and Peace’, ‘Pray for Demands’, and ‘Merits and Virtues’ form an interconnected semantic nexus. Hence, the findings theoretically highlight the interaction and significance of social media in the construction and practice of folk beliefs within the Malaysian Chinese community. Practically, this research provides valuable insights into the understanding and dissemination of Malaysian Chinese religious culture in the digital era.