Exploring Current Themes, Future Trends, and Challenges in Scandinavian Public Management

The aim of this article was to review existing documents in the field of mobile-based EMA and EMI, provide an overview of current hot topics, and predict future development trends. We conducted a bibliometric study on mobile-based EMA and EMI publications that were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Biblioshiny and CiteSpace were utilized to analyze scientific productions, leading sources, authors, affiliations, documents, research hot topics, keywords, and trend topics. A total of 2222 documents related to EMA and EMI published between 1992 and 2023 were retrieved. In recent years, scholarly publications have generally increased in mobile-based EMA and EMI research, particularly in the last decade. JMIR mHealth and uHealth (n=86), as well as JMIR (n=73), showed the highest number of publications. The United States (n=1038), Germany (n=218) and Netherlands (n=175) were leading countries. Regarding keyword co-occurrence and trend topics analysis, mental health, health behaviors, and feasibility were hot topics in mobile-based EMA and EMI research. Future research trends included using EMA for tailoring EMI, just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAI), and digital phenotyping. This bibliometric study on mobile-based EMA and EMI is a valuable resource for understanding the field's evolution and future trends. Our analysis indicates that EMA and EMI have great potential in health behaviors and mental health, but implementation should consider feasibility and reactivity issues carefully. Emerging trends include EMA-tailored EMI, JITAI, and digital phenotyping. In the future, strengthening multidisciplinary cooperation will be necessary to promote the continued development of the field.

Workshop report

Amidst the increasingly severe global environmental crisis, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the fields of environmental governance and sustainable development has become a hot topic in current scientific research and practice. The complexity and urgency of environmental issues have made the integration of AI technology particularly important and pressing. To comprehensively understand the research status, hotspots, and future trends in this field, this study employed Citespace and VOSviewer literature analysis tools to construct a knowledge map based on data from 2004 to 2024. The analysis results reveal that, in terms of research regions, Asia (especially China) has made the most significant contributions, while North America and Europe (particularly the United States and some EU countries) have closely collaborated, forming the core research regions. The top five authors in terms of publication volume are Liu J, Vinuesa R, Nishant R, Bag S, and Benzidia S. Regarding research hotspots, the current themes in this field focus on four clusters: intelligent management and green innovation for performance lifecycle assessment, smart cities and sustainable development, and AI-enabled environmental management. These highlight the vast potential of AI in enhancing environmental governance efficiency and promoting sustainable development. As for future trends, the number of publications in this field has shown a continuous upward trend in recent years, with predictions indicating that future research will continue to concentrate on keywords such as AI, life cycle, assessment, and the Internet of Things. In summary, AI is forming an active and expanding field within environmental governance, and future research will deepen understanding of the topic, explore the integration of AI with environmental science, address global challenges, and drive environmental governance towards a smart, efficient, and sustainable direction.

Slow light in planar photonic structures has attracted for some years an increasing interest due to amazing physical effects it allows or reinforces and to the degrees of freedom it raises for designing new optical functions. Controlling light group velocity is achieved through the use of periodical optical media obtained by nano-structuration of semiconductor wafers at the scale of light wavelength: the so-called photonic crystals. This article reviews present achievements realized in the field of slow light photonic bandgap structures, including the physical principles of slow light to the description of the most advanced integrated optical devices relying on it. Challenges and current hot topics related to slow light are discussed to highlight the balance between the advantages and drawbacks of using slow waves in integrated photonic structures. Then, future trends are described, which is focused on the use of slow wave slot waveguides for nonlinear optics and bio-photonic applications.

PurposePublic sector auditing research has changed rapidly over the past four decades. This paper aims to reveal how the field has developed and identify avenues for future research.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a structured literature review following Massaro et al. The sample comprises papers on public sector auditing published in accounting and public sector management journals between 1991 and 2020.FindingsThe present analysis highlights that academic research interest in public sector auditing has grown and become more diverse. The authors argue this may reflect a transformation of the public sector in recent decades, owing to the developing institutional logics of public sector reforms, from traditional public administration to new public management and now new public governance.Originality valueThis paper offers a comprehensive review of the public sector auditing literature, discussing different perspectives over time. It also outlines the various public sector reforms introduced over the period of the study. In reviewing the existing literature, the authors highlight the themes for future research and policy settings.

Almost three decades ago, the world of Public Policy and Administration (PPA) was rocked by New Public Management (NPM), a liberal gospel advocating the application of business administration models to the management of public services in lieu of the old 'monolithic' and hierarchical neo-weberian ideal type. But nowhere than in the 'Land of the Long White Cloud' did NPM find a more fertile ground. Praised and flaunted around the world by the Bretton Woods Institutions, the country became the 'Land of New Public Management' and a site of pilgrimage for government practitioners seeking advice. This review article offers an overview of the reform programme from its inception in the mid-1980s till date by analyzing four books that offer an in-depth account but were published at different time-distances. The books are reviewed along four dimensions: policy change, policy content, policy outcomes and future trends.

The chapter provides a review of the debates about the discipline of public administration and public management as art, craft, and science. Thus, the chapter includes a conceptualization of public administration and a discussion of public administration and public management research, scholarship, and practice. The review of the discipline includes a historical perspective and contemporary debates of public administration, new public management (NPM), public sector management, and governance in order to discuss the future trajectories and trends of the discipline.

The topic of one article reflects its main semantic content, which is also the main guidance for researchers to choose reference literature. In order to explore whether the topic of an article will affect its citation trend in future, this paper establishes a machine learning framework to study the role of topic characteristics in the prediction of future high influential articles. Articles from four different disciplines are collected as experimental samples to verify whether the framework proposed in this paper can be applied to the prediction task in different disciplines. The Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is used to determine the topic characteristics of sample articles. LDA can map sample articles to current hot topics and generate the mapping probability of sample articles under different hot topics. The maximum mapping probability of the sample article under the hot topics is extracted as the topic feature of the article. Then the feature space for the prediction task is constructed by combining the topic feature and some bibliometrics indices of articles. Three feature selection algorithms, Fisher Score, Relief-F and Spectral Feature Selection (SPEC), are taken to select the important features in the feature space. The prediction performance of these features is finally tested by three classifiers, SVM, KNN and Bagging. The experimental results show that the topic characteristics of article, the early citation characteristics of article, and the reputation of the author are the key factors that determine whether an article can grow into a highly influential one. The important value of topic characteristics in articles’ citation activities shows that the content of the article is an important factor in attracting more citations.

Aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease: Current topics and trends.

Wide-bandgap power semiconductor devices offer enormous energy efficiency gains in a wide range of potential applications. As silicon-based semiconductors are fast approaching their performance limits for high power requirements, gallium nitride (GaN), silicon carbide (SiC), and diamond, with their superior electrical properties are likely candidates to replace silicon in the near future. Along with higher blocking voltages wide-bandgap semiconductors offer breakthrough relative circuit performance enabling low losses, high switching frequencies, and high temperature operation. The progress of the development of high voltage, high current wide-bandgap power switching devices in the ARPA-E SWITCHES program is reviewed. The performance of various rectifiers and transistors, which have been demonstrated, is discussed. Material and processing challenges and reliability concerns for wide-bandgap power devices are also described. A glimpse into the future trends in device development and commercialization is offered.

Wide-bandgap power semiconductor devices offer enormous energy efficiency gains in a wide range of potential applications. As silicon-based semiconductors are fast approaching their performance limits for high power requirements, gallium nitride (GaN), silicon carbide (SiC), and diamond, with their superior electrical properties are likely candidates to replace silicon in the near future. Along with higher blocking voltages wide-bandgap semiconductors offer breakthrough relative circuit performance enabling low losses, high switching frequencies, and high temperature operation. The progress of the development of high voltage, high current wide-bandgap power switching devices in the APRA-E SWITCHES program is reviewed. The performance of various rectifiers and transistors, which have been demonstrated, is discussed. Material and processing challenges and reliability concerns for wide-bandgap power devices are also described. A glimpse into the future trends in device development and commercialization is offered.

This report is a pioneering bibliometric analysis of chia proteins as well as a review of the current/future themes of chia proteins. Reports were selected from the Scopus database, and networks of co-word occurrence, co-cited references, and the bibliographic coupling of documents were obtained. The health benefits and functional properties of chia proteins/peptides are current themes while the research of chia peptides is an emergent theme. The co-word network showed a low link between health benefits and functional properties, concluding that protein derivatives with both properties must be better explored. This review elucidated how the conditions of protein extraction and protein hydrolysis must be adjusted to maximize the intended functional characteristics and health benefits. An extremely alkaline pH and heating provided chia proteins with the lowest solubility, emulsifying properties, and antioxidant activity. Higher hydrolysis time increases peptides' hydrolysis degree, which affects its biological activity. Moreover, chia peptides showed higher oil absorption and emulsifying properties than chia protein isolates. The highlighted findings of this report represent the current research status which may require a new updated review in the future. A more in-depth approach to chia protein derivatives' extraction will enable their quick development in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.

The purpose of this article is to combine prospective and didactic approaches with a sound and detailed database describing global trends, including mainly energy and technologies. It suggests how internationally accepted data sources can trigger hypothesis building and facilitate their discussion processes while learning. Current themes such as globalisation and global change are first structured along easy formulaic approaches and then described by a tool based on information technology, namely the author's Global Change Data Base. Graphically oriented representations of the complex data structure allow students to develop and test hypotheses on globalisation and future trends that quantitatively support well-informed dialogue and consensus finding in class. The meaning of 'societal targets' is quantitatively defined by the value of the second derivative of a time series. Experience shows that time is often too short during traditional courses; therefore, interdisciplinary seminars are best suitable for the suggested learning strategy. The density of social interaction increases visibly when offering both information and communication technology tools and manageable data sources including analytical tools. Game-based learning (as suggested in this article) attracts more self-generated interest, compassion and perseverance in students than frontal teaching. As learning is boosted by real-world interaction and peer communication, this and similar learning strategies look promising.

The Baltic Sea is one of the fastest-warming semi-enclosed seas in the world over the last decades, yielding critical consequences on physical and biogeochemical conditions and on marine ecosystems. Although long-term trends in sea surface temperature (SST) have long been attributed to trends in air temperature, there are however, strong seasonal and sub-basin scale heterogeneities of similar magnitude than the average trend which are not fully explained. Here, using reconstructed atmospheric forcing fields for the period 1850–2008, oceanic climate simulations were performed and analyzed to identify areas of homogenous SST trends using spatial clustering. Our results show that the Baltic Sea can be divided into five different areas of homogeneous SST trends: the Bothnian Bay, the Bothnian Sea, the eastern and western Baltic proper, and the southwestern Baltic Sea. A classification tree and sensitivity experiments were carried out to analyze the main drivers behind the trends. While ice cover explains the seasonal north/south warming contrast, the changes in surface winds and air-sea temperature anomalies (along with changes in upwelling frequencies and heat fluxes) explain the SST trends differences between the sub-basins of the southern part of the Baltic Sea. To investigate future warming trends climate simulations were performed for the period 1976–2099 using two RCP scenarios. It was found that the seasonal north/south gradient of SST trends should be reduced in the future due to the vanishing of sea ice, while changes in the frequency of upwelling and heat fluxes explained the lower future east/west gradient of SST trend in fall. Finally, an ensemble of 48 climate change simulations has revealed that for a given RCP scenario the atmospheric forcing is the main source of uncertainty. Our results are useful to better understand the historical and future changes of SST in the Baltic Sea, but also in terms of marine ecosystem and public management, and could thus be used for planning sustainable coastal development.

Outlines the broad area of research into and, theory development of, public services management (PSM). Deals with theories on the State; governance; non‐profit organizations and PSM itself. Speculates on future trends and finally develops some ideas on how to cope with the diversity, complexity and dynamics of PSM in an international academic community.