Abstract
Experimental investigations had been done in this study to demonstrate the effect of natural particles used as a reinforcement material to unsaturated polyester resin. The tensile test and water absorption were investigated according to (ASTM D638) and (ASTM D570), respectively. The influence of sunflower husk and pomegranate husk particles, used as a reinforcement material, on the tensile strength, Young's modulus and water absorption with different weight fraction (3%, 7% and 10%) and particle grain size (50µm, 100 µm and 150 µm), has been investigated. The water absorption of polymer composites was studied by measuring the specimen weight before and after immersion in water for one hundred days. In the experiments of tensile test, all specimens loading was performed with (50KN) operating at a crosshead speed of 10 mm/min. It is observed that the addition of sunflower husk up to 10% and pomegranate husk particles up to 7% as reinforcement materials to polyester resin, leads to increase the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the composite material prepared and the use of sunflower husk as a reinforcement material increased the tensile strength, Young's modulus and water absorption were better than pomegranate husk at the same percentage of addition. The decrease in reinforcement material grain size led to increase the tensile strength, Young's modulus and water absorption. Therefore, all the best result seen in composites containing reinforcement material with (50µm). Finally, the best result obtained in tensile strength, Young's modulus and water absorption were with the addition of 10% sunflower husk as a reinforcement material to polyester resin.
Highlights
From thousands years, human has tried to improve the available materials in their surroundings to preferable the life of the people around him and the community in overall
Kamel [11] study the effect of grapes and dates particles reinforced polyester matrix composite on some of the mechanical properties, the results showed that the tensile strength and the Young's modulus of filled unsaturated polyester increase with the increment of the percentage of grapes and dates particles
From Figure (6), it can observe that the addition of sunflower husk particles as a reinforcement materials leads to increase the tensile strength with the increasing in weight fraction of the reinforcement material by (11.6%, 31.5%, and 46.6%) respectively with particle grain size (50 μm) due to the high linkage between polyester and sunflower husk particles which leads to increase the resistance against the applied axial load
Summary
Human has tried to improve the available materials in their surroundings to preferable the life of the people around him and the community in overall. These attempts had led to different research over the years to find alternatives materials. A lot of studies had done on composite material to investigate this new material specially polymer matrix composite which be capable substitute in the different industrial applications, when compared to old used materials. There are two main type of polymer will used as matrix material, thermoplastic and thermoset. Thermoplastic is able to reformed after solidification like nylon and polyethylene, while thermoset is a material when solidification cannot be reformed like epoxy and polyester [2]
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