Abstract
The refraction groyne is a complex structure consisted with groyne and groyne’s arm. This study conducted a experiment on the flow influences around the refraction groyne due to changes in the arm angle (θ) and length (AL). Results of experiment were analyzed on the impacts of the refraction groyne according to the projection length (L’). Velocity increase in main channel occurred greater the upward groynes than downward groynes. The vortices occurring at recirculation area of the upward and downward refraction groynes were formed in different shapes. The thalweg height did not have great impact vis-a-vis the extended arm length ratio and refraction angle change. The length of the recirculation area showed a gradual uptrend as the arm length of the groyne increased. Such area was formed at the range of 29% - 47%. For the length of the recirculation area, it was observed to be 10.2 - 14.7 times (URG), 8.4 - 12.7 times (DRG), and 10.6 - 13.8 times (right angle groyne) the projection length (L’) incensement.
Highlights
The groyne is installed to protect the riverside or embankment from erosion by flows through the control of flow direction in a river
The vortices occurring at recirculation area of the upward and downward refraction groynes were formed in different shapes
The characteristics changes in the flow field of the refraction groyne recirculation area were reviewed under two conditions: 1) the groyne arm length extended from the groyne body, and; 2) the extended groyne arm’s angle change
Summary
The groyne is installed to protect the riverside or embankment from erosion by flows through the control of flow direction in a river. The groyne is used as a water-friendly structure to improve the surrounding scenery and accessibility to the river; it performs an ecological function by providing fishes’ underwater habitat and refuge from floods. Martinez [3], et al conducted experiments on the installation angle and penetration rate of the Hook groyne, and Mohsen [4] did experiments on the move concerning the “I”, “T”, and “L”-shaped groynes. Note, that they cited efficiency depending on vortex erosion rather than flow characteristics
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