Abstract
<p>The failure of landslide dams is a sudden geological disaster, with its formation and failure greatly threatening the security of local people’s lives and property. In this research, we conducted 12 sets of model experiments, considering the influence of different angle of flume bed, dam heights, and downstream slopes on the process of overtopping breaching of noncohesive landslide dams. Based on these experimental results, we analyzed the characteristics of the longitudinal and transverse evolution, and outburst discharge of landslide dams in detail. At first, we divided the failure process of landslide dams into four stages, including initiation, headward erosion, downcutting erosion, and riverbed rebalancing. In addition, the quantitative analysis of breaching evolution model and the numerical method for simulating landslide dam failure due to overtopping has also been introduced in this research. This paper provides the research basis for the following two papers, which also provide a scientific reference for the prevention and mitigation of landslide dams.</p>
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