Abstract
Gellable composite materials (GCM) were prepared from a smelting slag of copper and nickel deposits and cement, and activated using gypsum and chemical activators. The effects of material ratio, dosage of chemical activators, and gypsum on the mechanical properties of GCM were studied. Our results showed that the chemical activators of Na2SO4, Na2SiO3, NaOH, and Na2CO3 could improve the compressive strength of the GCM. Considering the market cost and ease operation, the compressive strength of the GCM could be significantly improved with 2% Na2SO4. The experiment results also showed that the compound chemical activator could improve the compressive strength of gelled material. The strength of GCM reaches 41.6 MPa when 2% gypsum and 80% of smelting slags of copper and nickel deposits were used, which met the national standards requirements of GCM. As such, it is expected that a large amount of copper and nickel mining smelting slag could be utilized for the production of cementitious materials.
Highlights
In the process of utilizing mineral resources, a series of environmental problems could arise, such as production of larger amounts of waste rock and gob, waste of resources, and security risks.The stacking of tailings and smelting slag from metallurgical process produced a serious pollution to the environment
Our results provided a best scenario for the comprehensive utilization of smelting slag of copper and nickel deposits (SSCND) for the production of cementitious materials
The SSCND was provided by Xinjiang Kalatongke Mining Co., LTD. (Altay, China) Due to their larger particle size, samples were ball-milled for 7 h before being used
Summary
In the process of utilizing mineral resources, a series of environmental problems could arise, such as production of larger amounts of waste rock and gob, waste of resources, and security risks. The stacking of tailings and smelting slag from metallurgical process produced a serious pollution to the environment. The slag of the non-ferrous smelting industry reaches 128 million tons in China [4], and its comprehensive utilization is 22.4 million tons [5], accounting for only 17.5%, which is far lower than that of developed countries. An effective way to use nonferrous smelting slag is to prepare filling cementitious material from large amounts of solid waste produced in mining and metallurgy [15,16,17,18]. Our results provided a best scenario for the comprehensive utilization of SSCND for the production of cementitious materials
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