Abstract
Biomass pyrolysis is an advanced process which leads to obtaining products as chars, primary tars and gases. Depending on pyrolysis conditions and reactor construction, the pyrolysis could be divided into three categories: slow, intermediate and fast. This work concerns the experimental analysis of an intermediate pyrolysis of biomass residues in a fixed bed reactor. As raw materials, pine bark and wheat straw were selected. Experiments were carried out at three temperatures: 400, 500 and 600 °C under constant volume flow rate of inert gas equal to 100 ml/min. Biomass samples were kept for 150 seconds in the hot zone. The main goal was to compare yields, elemental composition, and calorific values of received products under studied process conditions. The ultimate analysis of chars and organic fractions of oils was performed. Obtained results from ultimate analysis allowed to determine higher heating values by a theoretical correlation. The products of pyrolysis obtained at 600 °C characterized by the most energetic parameters. The higher heating value for organic fraction of tars was 31.62 MJ/kg while for char was 29.47 MJ/kg.
Highlights
As a member of the European Union, Poland signed an agreement where had been obligated to increase the amount of renewable sources in the power engineering sector up to 15% until 2020 [1]
This paper presents investigations of intermediate pyrolysis of two kinds of biomass in a fixed bed reactor
Products from intermediate pyrolysis were categorized into three groups: char, condensable vapours and non– condensable gases
Summary
As a member of the European Union, Poland signed an agreement where had been obligated to increase the amount of renewable sources in the power engineering sector up to 15% until 2020 [1]. The second place took biomass and biogas installations which had 19% of total share in renewable energy sources. In 2018, the Polish governmental institution of forest management reported that forest area of Poland refers to 29.6% of total land size and this amount is still increasing [3] It places Poland in the leading position among European countries. Another 60% of Polish land is agricultural land where 40% is arable [4] It shows that Poland is a country which has widely and common access to biomass from various sources. This fact could be used to satisfy requirements from the European Union where biomass content in primary energy demand would be increased. Long structures of basic compounds such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin
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