Abstract
In polycrystalline metallic materials, above a certain threshold, mechanical deformations induce plastic strains at the grain scale. The development of plasticity also triggers a thermal dissipation due to local mechanical irreversibilities. These phenomena conduct to a heterogeneous state of deformation and temperature which has never been simultaneously observed at the micrometric scale. In this paper, an original experimental setup is presented in order to obtain fully coupled measurements. The objective is to get at the same time strain and temperature fields in the same zone at the microstructure scale of an AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel specimen during a tensile test. The fully coupled measurements underscore the relationship between the local plastic and thermal heterogeneities during the first stages of the deformation until a more general plastic state of the specimen. These results may also be used to perform energy balances at the micrometric scale.
Highlights
Many isotropic metallic materials are made of an aggregate of grains having a distribution of crystallographic orientations without any outstanding texture effect
They are obtained by digital image correlation (DIC); the size of the zone of interest (ZOI) is 16 × 16 pixels, leading to a spatial resolution of 104 m × 104 m
As the grains have different crystallographic orientations, the effective stress to which they are really submitted depends on their orientation with respect to the loading axis and is influenced by the neighbouring grains, especially if these grains are smaller than their neighbours
Summary
Many isotropic metallic materials are made of an aggregate of grains having a distribution of crystallographic orientations without any outstanding texture effect. Since the pioneering work of Farren and Taylor [3,4], it is well known that this plastic deformation is accompanied by a heat dissipation conducting to temperature variations during the loading of the specimen. These historical experiments, carried out on mild steels, aluminium and copper, consisted in monotonic tensile and torsion tests during which either thermocouples or a calorimeter was used to evaluate the mean value of the heat generated during cold working and to realize energy balances at the scale of the specimen.
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