Abstract
Experimental work was done to examine the impact of diesel fuel with alumina nanoparticles on combustion characteristics, emissions and performance of diesel engine. Alumina nanoparticles were mixed with crude diesel in various weight fractions of 20, 30, and 40 mg/L. The engine tests showed that nano alumina addition of 40 ppm to pure diesel led to thermal efficiency enhancement up to 5.5% related to the pure diesel fuel. The average specific fuel consumption decrease about neat diesel fuel was found to be 3.5%, 4.5%, and 5.5% at dosing levels of 20, 30, and 40 ppm, respectively at full load. Emissions of smoke, HC, CO, and NOXwere found to get diminished by about 17%, 25%, 30%, and 33%, respectively with 40 ppm nano-additive about diesel operation. The smaller size of nanoparticles produce fuel stability enhancement and prevents the fuel atomization problems and the clogging in fuel injectors. The increase of alumina nanoparticle percentage in diesel fuel produced the increases in cylinder pressure, cylinder temperature, heat release rate but the decreases in ignition delay and combustion duration were shown. The concentration of 40 ppm alumina nanoparticle is recommended for achieving the optimum improvements in the engine’s combustion, performance and emission characteristics.
Highlights
The continuous growth of world energy demand, harmful engine emissions and fossil fuel depletion have prompted the search for alternative fuels and fuel-additives
The aim of the paper is to show the effect of small average size (10 nm) alumina nanoparticles with lower concentrations of 20, 30, and 40 ppm added to diesel fuel on engine combustion and emissions
Alumina nanoparticles oxidize the carbon deposits leading to the fuel consumption reduction owing to the catalytic effect, surface area to volume ratio enhancement, and the combustion characteristics improvement
Summary
The continuous growth of world energy demand, harmful engine emissions and fossil fuel depletion have prompted the search for alternative fuels and fuel-additives. Among the various alternatives which are believed to be useful for bringing down the energy and the environmental crisis are the nano-fuel additives.[1] Al2O3, TiO2, CeO2, Co3O4, and Fe2O3 nano-oxide additives are used to obtain the reduction in fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. The research in heat transfer improvement in thermal systems is increased. This is affected by the surface tension and liquid droplet shape. Addition of nanoparticles such as alumina, TiO2, and carbon nanotubes improves the heat transfer properties in cooling water and lubrication oil in vehicles. Inclusion of nanoparticles in base fuel improves the chemical properties of fuel. Addition of nano additives enhances the heat transfer, chemical reactivity and this
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