Abstract
In this paper, the thermal performance of a heat pump connected to the qanat has been experimentally investigated in both heating and cooling modes. For this purpose, a test site consisting of a heat pump, a coil submerged in the qanat and the measuring and monitoring equipment was designed, constructed and tested. A conventional air-source heat pump system was also used for comparison of the heat pump performance with different heat sources/sinks. Results showed that the efficiency of the air-source heat pump is strongly influenced by environmental conditions, whereas the efficiency of the qanat-source heat pump is very stable and has a good performance throughout the year. In the cooling mode, the energy efficiency ratio (EER) of the qanat-source heat pump varied from 3.77 to 3.7, changing 1.8 %, while the EER of the air-source system fluctuated between 3.14 and 2.95, indicating a 6 % decline. In heating mode, the qanat-source system was also very stable, with a 1.5 % variation in the coefficient of performance (COP) from 3.85 to 3.91, while the COP of the air-source system fluctuated between 3.37 and 3.05, indicating a 9 % change, because of the high fluctuations of the ambient temperature in the heating season in the test site location. The results revealed that the system can be used as an energy-efficient and sustainable alternative to conventional heating and air conditioning systems.
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