Abstract
This paper presents the effect of temperature and strain rate on the superplastic deformation behavior of Ti-3%Mo-1%V-4%Al, Ti-4%V-6%Al, and Ti-1.8%Mn-2.5%Al alloys, which have different initial microstructures. The microstructure, before and after superplastic deformation in the deformation regimes that provided the maximum elongation, was analyzed. The deformation regimes, corresponding to the minimum strain hardening/softening effect, provided a higher elongation to failure due to their low tendency toward dynamic grain growth. As the values of stress became steady (σs), the elongation to failure and strain-hardening coefficient were analyzed under various temperature–strain rate deformation regimes. The analysis of variance of these values was performed to determine the most influential control parameter. The results showed that the strain rate was a more significant parameter than the temperature, with respect to the σs, for the investigated alloys. The most influential parameter, with both the elongation to failure and strain-hardening coefficient, was the temperature of the Ti-3%Mo-1%V-4%Al and Ti-1.8%Mn-2.5%Al alloys and the strain rate of the Ti-4%V-6%Al alloy.
Highlights
Titanium alloys are widely utilized in aerospace applications due to their exceptional mechanical and physical properties [1,2,3,4]
Many studies have investigated the deformation behavior of Ti-based alloys to carry out the processing parameters of hot and superplastic forming [10,11,12,13,14], studying superplastic deformation mechanisms [15,16] and constructing constitutive models of superplastic deformation behavior [17,18,19,20]
The ability to produce more detailed shape parts is among the significant advantages of the Superplastic forming (SPF) method, which is appropriate for Ti alloys because of their poor formability [25,26,27,28]
Summary
Titanium alloys are widely utilized in aerospace applications due to their exceptional mechanical and physical properties [1,2,3,4]. The high flow stress and high sensitivity to deformation process parameters (temperature (Td ), and strain rate (ε)) at elevated temperatures make titanium difficult to deform, compared with other metallic materials. Superplastic forming (SPF) of titanium alloys is a perspective technology that is widely utilized for complex shape aerospace components [21,22,23,24]. Strain rate (ε) and deformation temperature are considered to be the main processing parameters that affect the flow behavior at elevated temperatures, i.e., (Td )
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