Abstract
The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize a novel methacrylate-functionalized calcium phosphate (MCP) to be used as a bioactive compound for innovative dental composites. The characterization was accomplished by attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The incorporation of MCP as a bioactive filler in esthetic dental composite formulations and the ability of MCP containing dental composites to promote the precipitation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) on the surfaces of those dental composites was explored. The translucency parameter, depth of cure, degree of conversion, ion release profile, and other physical properties of the composites were studied with respect to the amount of MCP added to the composites. Composite with 3 wt.% MCP showed the highest flexural strength and translucency compared to the control composite and composites with 6 wt.% and 20 wt.% MCP. The progress of the surface precipitation of hydroxyapatite on the MCP containing dental composites was studied by systematically increasing the MCP content in the composite and the time of specimen storage in Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered solution with calcium and magnesium. The results suggested that good bioactivity properties are exhibited by MCP containing composites. A direct correlation between the percentage of MCP in a composite formulation, the amount of time the specimen was stored in PBS, and the deposition of hydroxyapatite on the composite’s surface was observed.
Highlights
This study investigates the bioactivity of methacrylate-functionalized calcium phosphate containing composites in a concentration dependent manner and the effect of MCP on the optical and physical properties of the composites
It is known that the crystallinity and solubility of calcium phosphate can be controlled by adding suitable additives to the reactants [39]
The examination of X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) pattern indicated that the synthesized MCP powder was poorly crystalline and amorphous
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Natural bone and teeth are unique composites of biological origin. They consist of a mineral inorganic phase of calcium-phosphates and an organic phase of collagen. Dentin is a mineralized structure that forms the major component of dental hard tissue. It is covered by a highly mineralized and protective layer of enamel in the crown and cementum in the root [1,2]
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