Abstract
An experimental study was carried out to examine the heat transfer enhancement a circular straight tube by using the Cu–water nanofluid flow and different inserts. The investigated parameters were (1) three concentrations of Cu nanoparticles: 0.0%, 0.1%, and 0.3% by volume (2) six different shapes of inserts: perforated-tape, jagged-tape, twisted-tape, helical-screw, vortex-generator, and offset-strip (3) seven volumetric flow rates: 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, and 5.0l/min. Test results indicated that the thermal-hydraulic performance of the tube was strongly related to the shape of inserts. It was found that the tube fitted with the vortex-generator insert offered the highest values of the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop. It was also detected that the best thermal-hydraulic performance compared to the empty tube was obtained by the vortex-generator insert and followed by the twisted-tape and jagged-tape inserts. Over the tested range of the flow rate, the considered performance evaluation criterion of the jagged-tape, twisted-tape, helical-screw, vortex-generator, and offset-strip inserts averagely increased, respectively, by about 76.9%, 100.1%, 55.3%, 228.5%, and 8.4% compared to that of the empty tube. Furthermore, the use of nanofluid had more benefit at the higher flow rates and high nanoparticle weight fractions.
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