Experiencing the future mundane: configuring design fiction as breaching experiment

Common sense knowledge is a part of knowledge reasoning. At present, common sense knowledge reasoning is also a hot and difficult point in the field of knowledge reasoning. In order to enable machines to use human language, and according to some content reasoning or inference rules, to get the results of common sense reasoning. This paper mainly explains how to obtain the common knowledge base, improve the reasoning ability of the machine to the social common knowledge, and test the common knowledge reasoning dataset by using the epoch-making pre-training model through the deep reinforcement learning method. The experiment shows that by adjusting the parameters of the data, the accuracy can be improved, which is also conducive to the realization of the downstream social common sense reasoning question and answer task.

:Critical Design and Design Fiction are both future-oriented activities, whose aim is not just to create products but even more ideas, to imagine possible futures. Design Fiction, in particular, is about building a near future world and exploring the possibilities and consequences of today’s emerging technological research as catalyst for a change. One of the most worrying effect of technology advance is about privacy: individuals, often unintentionally, sacrifice their privacy to provide information about themselves. And the privacy issue will be concern even our body. “Blackbox” is a real narrative device from a near future world. It has the ability to trigger processes of processing, interpretation, understanding and recollection of experiences, events, facts. It keeps safe the same way the memories and the most secret memory. Digging this dystopic scenario we can trace the path of alternative worlds, raising awareness on our future(s).

: There is a long tradition of designers creating visions of technological futures. We contrast the properties of two related types of future envisionment, whose commonality is using ‘world building’ to showcase or prototype technological concepts. We consider commercial visions that depict potential future products within possible future worlds, and by extending the concept of Vapourware we term these ‘Vapourworlds’. We contrast Vapourworlds with Design Fictions, a class of envisionment that inherits qualities of criticality and exploration from its familial antecedents’ radical design and critical design. By comparing these two approaches we intend to shed light on both. Superficially these world building endeavours appear similar, yet under the surface an underlying difference in intentionality permeates the substance of both practices. We conclude with a position that by highlighting the contrasts between these practices, mutually beneficial insights become apparent.

The fields of digital and social marketing have seen substantial transformation due to the quick changes in consumer behavior and technology, which has resulted in a rise in both industrial and scholarly applications. With a thorough review of the major subjects, significant works, top writers, and developing fields of study during the previous 15 years, this study offers a bibliometric analysis of the changing patterns in digital and social marketing. We trace the intellectual structure and thematic growth of these domains by analyzing a dataset of peer-reviewed articles, conference papers, and reviews using bibliometric methods and approaches. The results show how big data, artificial intelligence, and personalized communication are driving the confluence of digital platforms and social marketing tactics. Important topics that come up as being at the heart of the conversation include customer involvement, behavioral change initiatives, and ethical issues. Additionally, we pinpoint institutional and geographic contributions, demonstrating the worldwide scope of these fields' study. In addition to revealing past trends, this research identifies potential future paths, highlighting the influence of technology and interdisciplinary methods on marketing's development. Keywords: digital marketing, social marketing, digital transformation, customer engagement, bibliometric analysis

Is eating science or common sense? Knowledge about “natural foods” among self-identified “natural food” consumers, vendors and producers in rural and urban Mexico

With ever increasing demands on healthcare around the world, ensuring adequate provision for patients is becoming more and more challenging. In this paper, we focus on future healthcare provision, specifically looking at how Do-It-Yourself (DIY) Medical Devices might become widely adopted. Our motivation is to move beyond current debates, which tend to focus on technological capabilities, and instead consider the implications of those technologies for future policy and regulation. Discussions around the future are often challenging, as people find it difficult to envisage how disruptive technologies make futures that stand apart from their current and previous experiences. To facilitate these discussions, we use Design Fiction to speculate about a multi-purpose DIY Medical Device which can support various medical conditions. Using Design Fiction in this way allows us to concretize and explore a future world in which DIY Medical Devices exist, and thus enable meaningful discussions around the social and ethical implications of such DIY medical cultures.

This article aims to envisage a future world with Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) from a speculative perspective and uses design fiction as a method. Even though there are future studies about how AVs are going to be operators in the traffic by taking the role of the driver, this article suggests that AVs are going to be referred not only as transportation vehicles but also, they will become a part of social life through their increased agencies. We argue that this might be a significant concern for the areas that are in relation with the design of AVs considering socio-technical transitions towards future. Two design fiction workshops with designers were organised to develop future scenarios including AVs. As a result, the scenarios created by designers were analysed and characteristics of the scenarios were identified considering the social and contextual aspects of the storyworlds. Finally, the study discusses design considerations for AVs based on the future contexts and lifestyles as well as the social role that AVs can fill by changing the meaning of journey in the future scenarios.

This study adopted design fiction and co-design as the two main methodological approaches for designers and artists to explore the complex relationships and intersections of futuristic heritage experience and engagement. A literature-based seminar and a co-design workshop were conducted with 26 participants from multidisciplinary backgrounds, via Miro Board. A series of collaborative design practices and science fiction films were utilised as key media for propelling thinking, raising awareness or questions, provoking actions, inaugurating discussions, and offering alternatives necessary for a heritage setting. Additionally, this study reflects upon the complexities of using design fiction activities to re-think the technological future of heritage engagement and experience.

The advent of Web 3.0, claiming for personalization in interactive systems (Lassila & Hendler, 2007), and the need for systems capable of interacting in a more natural way in the future society flooded with computer systems and devices (Harper et al., 2008) show that great advances in HCI should be done. This chapter presents some contributions of LIA for the future of HCI, defending that using common sense knowledge is a possibility for improving HCI, especially because people assign meaning to their messages based on their common sense and, therefore, the use of this knowledge in developing user interfaces can make them more intuitive to the end-user. Moreover, as common sense knowledge varies from group to group of people, it can be used for developing applications capable of giving different feedback for different target groups, as the applications presented along this chapter illustrate, allowing, in this way, interface personalization taking into account cultural issues. For the purpose of using common sense knowledge in the development and design of computer systems, it is necessary to provide an architecture that allows it. This chapter presents LIAs approaches for common sense knowledge acquisition, representation and use, as well as for natural language processing, contributing with those ones who intent to get into this challenging world to get started.

This paper discusses how common sense knowledge can be used by teachers for planning Learning Activities on health care. Using common sense statements which were automatically collected, we are developing software that can be used to support the teaching and learning process, in a more contextualized form. When teachers consider the knowledge that learners already have, taking into account their common sense knowledge, they can devote their attention to correcting misconceptions, covering ignored topics and avoiding the obvious. Also teachers can consider the common sense knowledge from a group of interest, preparing learners to interact with this group by calling their attention to topics which might be discussed with the group. Through the experiment described here, we demonstrate that common sense can be useful to support the nursing education process, helping teachers to develop learning activities on the health care domain.

Some expert systems need common sense.

Common sense knowledge based systems are developed by researchers to enable machines to understand ordinary knowledge and reason intelligently as a human would. The knowledge repositories of such systems are usually developed manually by a knowledge engineer or by users. Building a knowledge base of common sense knowledge such as that possessed by an average human being would be a very time-consuming, if not impossible, task. Some aspects of real world knowledge have already been captured and organized into various repositories such as the World Wide Web, WordNet, and the DAML ontology library. However, the extraction and integration of common sense knowledge from those sources remains a challenge. To address this challenge, an architecture for a Common Sense Knowledge Extractor is proposed that serves as an intermediary tool to extract common sense knowledge from several knowledge sources in order to develop a common sense repository. The design of the system as an extension of prior research on intelligent query processing is presented.KeywordsCommon SenseQuery ProcessingKnowledge SourceKnowledge ElementCommon Sense KnowledgeThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

The association rule mining is now widely used in many fields such as commerce, telecom, insurance, and bioinformatics. Though it is improved in performance, the real commerce database size and dimension has greatly increased to a point of creating thousands or millions of association rules. In spite of using minimum support and confidence thresholds to help weed out or exclude the exploration of uninteresting rules, many rules that are not interesting to the user may still be produced. We develop intelligent data mining technique that generate and evaluate association rules by hybrid interestingness measures based common sense knowledge. We provide new and interesting knowledge to users by Common-Sense Measures. We define a Common-Sense Measures by similarity between association rules and common sense knowledge. This measure is based on the common sense knowledge network.

Argumentation mining is an advanced form of human language understanding by the machine. This is a challenging task for a machine. When sufficient explicit discourse markers are present in the language utterances, the argumentation can be interpreted by the machine with an acceptable degree of accuracy. However, in many real settings, the mining task is difficult due to the lack or ambiguity of the discourse markers, and the fact that a substantial amount of knowledge needed for the correct recognition of the argumentation, its composing elements and their relationships is not explicitly present in the text, but makes up the background knowledge that humans possess when interpreting language. In this article 1 1 The article is the written version of a keynote lecture given at COMMA 2016, the 6th International Conference on Computational Models of Argument, on September 13, 2016 at Potsdam University, Germany. we focus on how the machine can automatically acquire the needed common sense and world knowledge. As very few research has been done in this respect, many of the ideas proposed in this article are tentative, but start being researched. We give an overview of the latest methods for human language understanding that map language to a formal knowledge representation that facilitates other tasks (for instance, a representation that is used to visualize the argumentation or that is easily shared in a decision or argumentation support system). Most current systems are trained on texts that are manually annotated. Then we go deeper into the new field of representation learning that nowadays is very much studied in computational linguistics. This field investigates methods for representing language as statistical concepts or as vectors, allowing straightforward methods of compositionality. The methods often use deep learning and its underlying neural network technologies to learn concepts from large text collections in an unsupervised way (i.e., without the need for manual annotations). We show how these methods can help the argumentation mining process, but also demonstrate that these methods need further research to automatically acquire the necessary background knowledge and more specifically common sense and world knowledge. We propose a number of ways to improve the learning of common sense and world knowledge by exploiting textual and visual data, and touch upon how we can integrate the learned knowledge in the argumentation mining process.

Chapter 8 - Common Sense and Common Knowledge