Abstract
Introduction: Hemorrhoidal disease is the most common condition in proctology: it is defined by signs or symptoms attributed to hemorrhoids. There is no parallel between the extent of hemorrhoidal anatomical disease and the symptoms described by patients. Our objective was to assess the incidence of hemorrhoidal disease, to diagnose it and to propose therapeutics. Patients and Method: This was a prospective and descriptive study based on a pre-established protocol that had taken place over a 12-month period. All patients (92 cases) underwent a general examination and a proctological examination. Anoscopy has often been associated with rectoscope with or without biopsy of the rectal mucosa. The inclusion criteria were the finding of hemorrhoidal disease, associated or not with other proctological diseases and the criteria for non-inclusion was any other anorectal pathology. Results: Among our patients there were 69 men or 75% of cases and 23 women or 25% of cases. The sex ratio was 3 in favor of men, the average age was 35.42. The duration of progression of the disease was between 0 - 2 years in 59.78%. Constipation (60 cases or 66.3%) and diarrhea (60 cases or 22.8%) were the factors that triggered the disease. Hemorrhoids with 3 packets were the most common (49 cases or 53.26%). 56 patients were treated medically and 36 patients were operated on. The surgical technique was simple hemorrhoidectomy according to MILLIGAN and MORGAN. It was associated with a fissurectomy in 8.33% of cases, a fistulectomy in 13.90% of cases or a thrombectomy in 33.33%. Early surgical sequels were dominated by pain in all patients, rectorragie, and urine retention. We did not deplore any deaths. Conclusion: Hemorrhoidal disease is an anatomoclinical entity that is still poorly elucidated and no direct link between the nature of the lesions and symptomatology can be established.
Highlights
Hemorrhoidal disease is the most common condition in proctology: it is defined by signs or symptoms attributed to hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoidal disease is the most common condition encountered in proctology; it is defined by signs or symptoms attributed to hemorrhoids
There is no parallel between the extent of anatomical hemorrhoidal disease and the symptoms described by patients
Summary
Hemorrhoidal disease is the most common condition in proctology: it is defined by signs or symptoms attributed to hemorrhoids. There is no parallel between the extent of hemorrhoidal anatomical disease and the symptoms described by patients. The surgical technique was simple hemorrhoidectomy according to MILLIGAN and MORGAN It was associated with a fissurectomy in 8.33% of cases, a fistulectomy in 13.90% of cases or a thrombectomy in 33.33%. No one has ever defined hemorrhoids; this problem has always irritated proctologists This is due to the difficulty of differentiating the normal morphology of the anal canal from the pathological aspect, the strangeness of red hemorrhages in a venous disease, the discordance between the anatomopathological findings and the clinic [1]. There is no parallelism between the importance of hemorrhoidal anatomical disease and the symptoms described by patients. Some suffer from small hemorrhoids that are not prolapsed and other patients have significant internal hemorrhoidal incidence without symptoms
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