Abstract
Exercise, with its numerous benefits to health and well-being, also carries risk for injury. Exercise-related injuries fall into two major categories -- acute injuries (e.g., sprains and strains) and overuse injuries (e.g., tendonitis). This article focuses on conditions most common in recreational athletes, as well as those that disproportionately affect female athletes. Acute Injuries Acute injuries usually result from trauma, such as stepping on an uneven surface or making contact with another player. An exception is the potentially season- or career-ending anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, which occurs much more frequently in female than male athletes, often without contact. ACL injuries commonly occur during deceleration, landing, or cutting -- particularly if the athlete is off balance, with her feet flat and knees straight. Women's predisposition to this injury is related to both modifiable factors (environmental, biomechanical, and neuromuscular) and nonmodifiable ones (hormonal and anatomical). Overuse Injuries Overuse injuries result from three preventable factors: (1) training errors -- e.g., increasing workout duration or intensity too rapidly1; (2) gear problems -- e.g., mismatch of footwear to foot type; and …
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