Excitation of a V-antenna by a pulse electromagnetic field

Abstract

In order to measure short electromagnetic field pulses in EMC problems, transducers in the form of strip line segments are used. Such transducers reproduce undistorted pulses within the time interval equal to a double run of the signal along the line. However, the strip line has a low sensitivity. The V-antenna seems to be reasonable for recording weak signals, since it is more sensitive when compared to a strip antenna. The equations of V-antenna excitation by a pulse electromagnetic field are derived from Maxwell's equations considered in a space-time domain. The role of the magnetic field of the wave as a source of excitation has been clarified. The transient response of a V-antenna is calculated as a function of the material of a dielectric interlayer between the electrodes, the antenna opening angle and the electromagnetic wave incidence angle. Based on a nonsymmetric version of the V-antenna, transducers were fabricated and experimentally investigated. The results of calculations and measurements are in good agreement with each other. It is shown that one can obtain a transient response of an approximate step shape by adding signals from two oppositely directed antennas. The antenna proposed allows nanosecond low-amplitude electromagnetic pulses to be detected.