Abstract
It is shown that the high-field curvature in the in-plane and polar magnetization curves of exchange-coupled MBE-grown Co/Cu/Co(111) structures can be accurately fitted by assuming a sizeable biquadratic coupling in addition to the bilinear coupling, and the existence of a large areal fraction of ferromagnetic inclusions. Measurements on a sample with a single Co layer confirm that the curvature does not originate from the individual Co layers. Analysis of two Co/Cu/Co(111) trilayers with different CoCu interface qualities, as measured by NMR, shows significantly higher bilinear and biquadratic coupling strengths for the trilayer with the better defined CoCu interfaces. While NMR indicates reasonably good structural quality on a short lateral length scale, polar Kerr measurements as a function of interlayer thickness, and polarized neutron reflection measurements, indicate the existence of structural imperfections on a long lateral length scale.
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