Abstract
This article discusses many of the inherited techniques for collecting and managing spring water used in the gardens of Boussaada, Ain Madhi, Small Mechria, and Stitten located in the Saharan atlas’ ranges over a period of nine centuries. Based on the missions carried out since 2017 in the four regions, we conducted site investigations and surveys of the local population. The results showed that domestic water supply and irrigation were carried out using traditional water collecting techniques such as well and foggara and small dams. The water harvesting technology characterizes a specific region according to its topography and hydrology. Currently, this hydraulic heritage meets technical and social problems, especially with the advent of modern technologies that give more water with less human effort but hurt the environment. The objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive inventory of all water sources in the study areas while evaluating the negative impact on them due to the emergence of modern technologies. Keywords: Algeria; Dam; Foggara, Oasis; Source; Valley. DOI 10.35180/gse-2020-0045
Highlights
The Saharan Atlas is characterized by an arid climate where the average annual rainfall does not exceed 100 mm
The regions of Boussaada, Ain Madhi, Stitten and Small Mechria located on the chains of the Saharan Atlas are characterized by a multitude of their sources of water
We study the multiple ancestral techniques for capturing spring water in the regions (Boussaada, Ain Madhi, Small Mechria, and Stitten) which are in the middle of the Saharan Atlas
Summary
The Saharan Atlas is characterized by an arid climate where the average annual rainfall does not exceed 100 mm. In the region of Tiout, the oases stored the spring waters by the Source Dam [1]. In the Moghrar region, the oasis people catch water through the foggara system [2]. In the Lahmar oasis located on the outskirts of the city of Bechar, the oasis people have made two types of Foggaras: Mountain Foggara, and Spring Foggara [3]. The regions of Boussaada, Ain Madhi, Stitten and Small Mechria located on the chains of the Saharan Atlas are characterized by a multitude of their sources of water. We study the multiple ancestral techniques for capturing spring water in the regions (Boussaada, Ain Madhi, Small Mechria, and Stitten) which are in the middle of the Saharan Atlas. The multiplicities of the modes of exploitation of this traditional system will be the subject of this study, as well as the causes of deterioration of these systems
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