Abstract
Thyroid dysfunction is a spectrum of disorders of the thyroid gland which manifests either as hyper or hypothyroidism and is reflected in the circulating levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)[1]. Thyroid hormones, namely Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4); either or both of which may be elevated or reduced have both direct and indirect effects on blood glucose homeostasis[2]. Elevated levels of free circulating thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism) produce hyperglycaemia by causing polyphagia, enhancing glucose absorption from the gastro-intestinal tract, accelerating insulin degradation and stimulating glycogenolysis[3]. Reduced levels of the hormones (hypothyroidism) may cause hypoglycaemia[4]. Diabetic patients have a higher prevalence of thyroid disorders compared with the general population because patients with one organ-specific autoimmune disease are at risk of developing other autoimmune disorders[5,6]. A number of reports have also indicated a higher than normal PEER REVIEW ABSTRACT
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