Abstract
The article presents an analysis of alternative theories of ecological and economic development. The authors formulate the role of the environmental factor in socio-economic development, taking into account the ideas of alternative economic schools and trends. The paper analyzes the problems of preserving the environment as the basis of human life. This takes into account the nature of the impact of anthropogenic pressure on natural complexes and objects, due to increased consumption, excessive withdrawal of renewable natural resources that exceed the rate of natural recovery, a reduction in the reserves of non-renewable natural resources, as well as an increase in the population. At the same time, the article focuses on the problems of sustainable, balanced, harmonious development of production and social systems.
Highlights
The existence of a range of problems related to the environment, but which are within the competence of the economy, predetermined the formation and development of a separate direction in economic science
The modern economics of environmental management still does not define what ecology is as a subject for economic analysis, for economic planning, and for economic regulation, so that economic means can influence the environmental situation
If the economy exists today in relation to ecology as an alternative, the explanation for this should be sought in man, in his social nature, in the socioinstitutional structure of society
Summary
The existence of a range of problems related to the environment, but which are within the competence of the economy, predetermined the formation and development of a separate direction in economic science. Ecological economics (environmental economics) is not an alternative to the traditional directions of economic theory, but only expands the prospect of using the tools of economic analysis. Researchers prove the existence of mutual conditionality of " economy "and" ecology", but they traditionally consider nature exogenously - as the external environment within and through which the economy functions. This is the same as if a person within the boundaries of the subject of economic theory is represented as an external subject, without which the economy cannot exist. If the economy exists today in relation to ecology as an alternative, the explanation for this should be sought in man, in his social nature, in the socioinstitutional structure of society
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