Abstract
This paper is a critical examination from a biological viewpoint of the notion of the open society. It aims at giving a brief account of some of the most important ideas of contemporary biology — ideas which could possibly consolidate at least the basic postulates of an open society, a free society. I shall concentrate on the concept of causality in modern evolutionary theory and shall try to outline a systems view of evolution. According to such a view the evolution of living systems, our human one included, is not determined by “pre-existing” laws (for example Leibniz’ pre-established harmony) nor is it, in the long run, just a series of random events. Evolution is rather a self-organizing, a “self-planning” process.
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