Evidence of a weak correlation between peripheral endothelial function measures and carotid intima-media thickness

Abstract

Previous studies from our and other laboratories have demonstrated the existence of a clear relationship between different measures of endothelial function and the extent of coronary atherosclerosis. The relationship between endothelial function and carotid intima-media thickness has not been extensively investigated. Endothelial function using radial artery flow-mediated constriction (L-FMC) and dilation (FMD) was assessed in 513 consecutive patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography. Intima-media thickness of both carotid arteries was also measured. IMT was greater in patients with diabetes, males, those with body mass index >30, and in those older than 65 years (all p < 0.05). There was a strong correlation between age and IMT (p < 0.0001). Hypercholesterolemia and a family history for cardiovascular disease had no impact on IMT. In contrast, the relationship between either L-FMC or FMD and IMT was weak at best (p = 0.008 for the relationship between L-FMC and IMT, p = 0.13 for the relationship between FMD and IMT). There was a positive correlation between IMT and resting radial artery diameter (p = 0.008). IMT increased with the extent of coronary artery disease, but this trend did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.07). Resting (L-FMC), but not recruitable (FMD) endothelial function correlates with the extent of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. This correlation is however weaker in comparison to that with age.