Abstract
There are numerous early-season pests of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., that are economically important, including tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds), and reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis (Linford & Oliveira). Both of these species have the potential to reduce plant growth and delay crop maturity, ultimately resulting in reduced yields. A field study was conducted during 2015 and 2016 to evaluate the influence of tillage, at-planting insecticide treatment, and nematicide treatment on pest management, cotton development, and yield. Treatment factors consisted of two levels of tillage (no-tillage and conventional tillage); seven levels of at-planting insecticide treatments (imidacloprid, imidacloprid plus thiodicarb, thiamethoxam, thiamethoxam plus abamectin, acephate plus terbufos, aldicarb, and an untreated control); and two levels of nematicide (no nematicide and 1,3-dichloropropene). There were no significant interactions between tillage, at-planting insecticide treatment, or nematicide for any parameters nor was there a difference in the main effect of nematicide on thrips control or damage. The main effects of tillage and at-planting insecticide treatment impacted thrips densities and damage. The no-tillage treatments and aldicarb in-furrow or acephate seed treatment plus terbufos in-furrow significantly reduced thrips populations. Early-season plant response was impacted by tillage and at-planting insecticide treatment; however, that did not result in significant yield differences. In regard to nematicide treatment, the use of 1,3-dichloropropene resulted in lower yields than the untreated.
Highlights
The complexity of early-season pest management in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., production systems can be impacted by both tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds), and reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis (Linford and Oliveira)
Field experiments were conducted in Hamilton, MS during 2015 and in 2016 to evaluate the influence of tillage, at-planting insecticides, and nematicide on tobacco thrips and reniform nematode control
No differences in nematode populations were observed at first square for any interaction (F> 0.01; df = 6, 332; p >0.13) or the main effects of tillage (F = 2.31; df = 1332; p = 0.13), nematicide (F = 0.05; df = 1332; p = 0.83), or at-planting insecticide treatment (F = 0.94; df = 6332; p = 0.47)
Summary
The complexity of early-season pest management in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., production systems can be impacted by both tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds), and reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis (Linford and Oliveira). Tobacco thrips are a consistent and predictable pest of seedling cotton across the United States [1]. Cotton is susceptible to thrips injury from emergence until the fourth or fifth true leaf, or approximately 28 days after emergence under optimal conditions [2]. The common symptomology of thrips damage includes ragged or wrinkled leaves, a silvery appearance. Several studies suggest that seedling root growth and development can be negatively impacted by thrips feeding [4,5,6,7]. Damage caused by thrips may lead to reduced plant height, delayed maturity, and/or reduced yield
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