Evaluation of the photodynamic effect on the state of microcirculation and oxygenation in periodontal tissues in the treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis

Abstract

Increasing the effectiveness of treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis using PDT based on clinical and functional substantiation of the effects of a photosensitizer. A clinical and functional study and treatment of moderate chronic generalized periodontitis was carried out in 62 people (26 men and 36 women) aged from 35 to 55 years without a somatic model with an orthognathic occlusion diagnosed according to ICD-10 - K05.3. Of these, 2 groups were divided depending on the type of treatment: Group 1 (main) - patients with moderate chronic generalized periodontitis - 32 people. (17 men and 15 women, average age of the group - 43.2±2.2 years); Group 2 (control) - patients with moderate chronic generalized periodontitis - 30 people. (14 men and 16 women, average age of the group - 44.0±3.3 years). Complex treatment consisted of sanitation of the mouth, removal of dental plaque and curettage of periodontal pockets in group 1, followed by PDT with Revixan gel using a special wired aligner REVIXAN DENTAL LED (16 r). The clinical condition of the periodontium was assessed using the Greene Vermillion Hygienic Index (OHI-S), the Mühlleman Bleeding Index (SBI) modified by Cowell, and the periodontal index PI. To study the state of microcirculation in the gum tissue, the laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) method was used using the LAKK-M device (NPP «Lazma», Russia). The state of microcirculation was assessed by the microcirculation index (M), which characterizes the level of tissue blood flow; parameter - «σ», which determines the fluctuation of the erythrocyte flow. According to Wavelet analysis of LDF-grams, the shunt index (SH) of blood flow was determined. In the «LDF + spectrometry» mode, oxygenation in periodontal tissues was studied using optical tissue oximetry (OTO), based on the results of which the perfusion saturation index (Sm) and the specific oxygen consumption index (U, %) were determined. According to LDF data, after PDT (group 1), normalization of clinical indices and the level of microcirculation in periodontal tissues was established, which was accompanied by an increase in the level of blood flow (M) and its activity (σ), which persisted after 3 and 6 months. after PDT. The perfusion saturation index (Sm) and specific oxygen consumption (U) increased more significantly after PDT, which persisted after 3 and 6 months. In the control group, the dynamics of indicators was less pronounced. The use of PDT with Revixan gel normalizes the clinical condition of the periodontium, indicators of microhemodynamics and oxygen metabolism.