Abstract
Background: The emergence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) is a public health problem, requiring rapid and reliable diagnostic methods. The aim is to compare the new rapid immunochromatographic (IC) test: RESIST-5 O.O.K.N.V with PCR and the predictive model of EUCAST algorithm for the detection of CPE. Methods: A longitudinal cross-sectional study was carried out in the bacteriology-virology laboratory of the Ibn Rochd-Casablanca University Hospital, from 1 February 2019 to 28 February 2020, concerning strains with reduced sensitivity to Ertapenem. The identification of bacterial species was carried out according to the standard criteria of microbiology and antibiogram according to CASFM-EUCAST 2019 recommendations. The sensitivity and specificity of the rapid IC test were calculated. Results: The results of the new IC test showed a sensitivity and specificity of 100% for the detection of OXA-48 and NDM. These carbapenemases were detected simultaneously with a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. OXA-48 was the most common carbapenemas found (36%), followed by NDM (24%) and (13.4%) cases of OXA-48 and NDM coexistence. Conclusion: The rapid IC test could be a rapid and effective diagnostic tool for detecting the most common carbapenemases in our context, and to accelerate the implementation of adequate antibiotic therapy and infection control measures in patients with CPE infections
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