Evaluation of the Efficacy of Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block in Maintaining Cognitive Function Post-Surgery in Elderly Individuals with Hip Fractures

Abstract

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a prevalent issue among elderly hip fracture patients’ post- surgery period, leading to cognitive decline and prolonged recovery. This narrative review delves into the efficacy of Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block (FICB) in addressing POCD. FICB, a targeted anesthetic approach, not only provides efficient pain management but also reduces inflammation and minimizes opioid reliance in the elderly. By alleviating pain and inflammation, FICB facilitates enhanced early postoperative mobility, potentially lowering the likelihood of cognitive dysfunction. Research indicates that FICB can decrease tau protein levels and inflammatory markers, attenuating the inflammatory cascade linked to cognitive impairment. Moreover, FICB's ability to offer localized pain relief without systemic opioid repercussions aids in preventing complications like delirium. The utilization of FICB emerges as a pivotal strategy in optimizing postoperative outcomes and diminishing POCD incidence in elderly hip fracture patients. Further exploration and integration of FICB in clinical practice hold promise for enhancing the care of this vulnerable patient cohort.