Abstract
Abstract Rubus glaucus Benth (known as “mora de castilla”) is a Colombian agricultural product, with probably, the major potential. This fruit combines features of Idaeobatus and Rubus subgenera. Despite its recognized importance in the economy of small producers, this crop has received little technological development; as a result, sowing procedures of this specie is done by using local cultivars asexually propagated by producers. Associated Rubus producers in Colombia has noticed the necessity to formalize the offer of planting material, starting with plant breeding programs tending to the obtention of more productive varieties with morphological features that facilitates cultural activities. This study presents the results of the evaluation of SSR and SNPs markers obtained in previous experimental works from a RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis. It was evaluated 15 promissory R. glaucus cultivars, which could be potential progenitors in future breeding schemes. Genetic characterization was accomplished by testing 22 SSR microsatellite and 78 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers. From evaluated SSR markers, 15 yielded positive PCR amplification generating 29 loci and 58 alleles. From evaluated SNPs markers, 36 yielded positive PCR amplification. Obtained sequences from amplified products with SNPs showed high homology with species belonging to Rosaceae family. Selection criteria of progenitors were based on the results of molecular characterizations and useful morphological features in the culture management. This research demonstrates the utility of molecular markers to assess genetic diversity of potential progenitors susceptible to plant breeding processes. This process, highly known as development of parental populations, determines in a great manner the success of plant breeding processes.
Highlights
Rosaceae family comprises nearly 90 genera and 300 species, among them fruit trees with economic importance are included such as apples (Malus pumila Mill.) and pears (Pyrus spp.); stone fruits or drupes like peaches (Prunus persica); several ornamental species including the rose (Rosa spp.), and soft fruits as strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, among others
Different taxonomic classifications of the family has been proposed based upon morphology, whilst SchulzeMenz (1964) suggested a new family classification into subfamilies: Maloideae, Amygdaloideae, Rosoideae y Spiraeoideae based on chromosome number and fruit type (LONGHI, et al 2014)
Genetic variability of Rubus genus is known over the world and has been widely studied over the phenotypical, morphological, chromosomal and molecular aspects (DOSSETT, et al 2012; ALICE, et al 1999; GRAHAM AND MCNICOL, 1995; GRAHAM et al, 1997)
Summary
Rosaceae family comprises nearly 90 genera and 300 species, among them fruit trees with economic importance are included such as apples (Malus pumila Mill.) and pears (Pyrus spp.); stone fruits or drupes like peaches (Prunus persica); several ornamental species including the rose (Rosa spp.), and soft fruits as strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, among others. Genetic variability of Rubus genus is known over the world and has been widely studied over the phenotypical, morphological, chromosomal and molecular aspects (DOSSETT, et al 2012; ALICE, et al 1999; GRAHAM AND MCNICOL, 1995; GRAHAM et al, 1997). One of the most interesting features of the genus is the variability in the number of chromosomes, polyploidy and hybridization; in contrast, only Idaeobatus, Dalibarda, and Anoplobatus subgenera are predominantly diploid, whilst Dalibardastrum, Malachobatus, and Orobatus are exclusively polyploid (THOMPSON, 1995, 1997). Rubus glaucus or Andean blackberry is distributed over the main Colombian mountain and combines Idaeobatus and Rubus features. This specie is a fertile amphidiploid or allotetraploid, probably originated by genome fusion of two species (JENNINGS, 1988). This specie is a fertile amphidiploid or allotetraploid, probably originated by genome fusion of two species (JENNINGS, 1988). (DELGADO, et al 2010) found 28 chromosomes in R. glaucus cultivars, assuming a basic number n=7 for Rubus genus, it confirms its tetraploidy (4x)
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