Abstract
Just as wireless communications develop further to achieve higher performance, new application areas emerge to challenge the limits. Vehicular ad hoc networks are one of these areas, and emergency situation warning is one of their most popular applications since traffic safety is a concern for everyone. Due to the life-critical nature of emergency applications, however, it is extremely important to ensure the solutions proposed meet the standards required, such as reliable and timely delivery of the safety warning in a situation like car collision avoidance. In order to put the candidate solutions to the test and evaluate their feasibility, we adopt the approach of computer simulation. We implement four different selective broadcast algorithms used for information dissemination in vehicular ad hoc networks, and compare their performance under identical realistic simulation conditions. Our goal is to provide an evaluation focussing on the performance with respect to safety, rather than to network aspects like throughput, loss, and delay. We define four new performance criteria to address the effectiveness, efficiency, timeliness, and overhead of the broadcast algorithms in safety warning delivery. The results we obtain using these criteria help us to understand better the design requirements of a high-performance selective broadcast algorithm.
Highlights
In light of the average speeds and car following distances observed on today’s highways, the drivers’ reactions to unexpected road hazards are dangerously slow
The vehicles do not need to be aware of each other, since the base stations have total control of the network. We focus on the former alternative, known as vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET), where all communication is performed without any infrastructure
We first describe the performance criteria we consider important for the evaluation of a traffic safety application like collision avoidance
Summary
In light of the average speeds and car following distances observed on today’s highways, the drivers’ reactions to unexpected road hazards are dangerously slow. As shown in [2], this is not a time long enough to avoid collisions in many emergency cases, especially when the driver violates the safety distance rule or the road and weather conditions limit the ability of the driver to spot the emergency event from a distance Under these conditions, a collision avoidance strategy based solely on the tail brake lights of the cars ahead has a high probability of failure. In-vehicle sensors cannot detect out-of-sight objects around corners or behind summits, position objects accurately at large range, or detect all attributes like weight, tire-road friction, and intended direction. This information needs to be made available through a communication link. With the assistance of vehicular communication systems, active traffic safety applications like collision avoidance and notification can be developed, which can, in return, lower considerably the accident rates
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